3232 - Urban Forms, Megacities, Metacities Snd World Cities Flashcards

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1
Q

Define urban form

A

Refers to the physical characteristics that make up a built up area, including the shape, size density and organisation

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2
Q

A factor that has contributed to the rapid rise of magacities?

A

Globalisation and economic competition between countries

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3
Q

Name a striking feature of the last 30 years

A

Rapid development of megacities

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4
Q

Define megacity

A

City or urban agglomeration with a population of more than 10 million people

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5
Q

Example of a mega city

A

London achieved the status of a megacity in 2013 as the classification included the residents in greater London

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6
Q

Name some negative features of megacities in LICs

A

Sprawled in haphazard fashion leading to challenge of providing employment, housing and basic services

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7
Q

Name a positive feature of megacities

A

Produce 2-3 times more GDP than other cities

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8
Q

Name 3 characteristics identified in the UNs report on urbanisation in 2014

A
  1. Less environmentally damaging to provide public transport, housing, electricity, water,msanitiation for w densely settled urban pop than a dispersed rural pop
  2. Access to larger and more diverse employment markets
  3. Better levels of education and health care
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9
Q

How many megacities were there in 1990?

A

10

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10
Q

How many megacities were there in 2014

A

28

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11
Q

How many mega cities are there printed to be in 2025

A

UN predicts 37, and will account for 13% of the world population

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12
Q

Where is the development of megacities concentrated

A

Asia

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13
Q

What was the world’s largest city in 2015

A

Tokoyo, with more than 38 million people

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14
Q

Define a metacity

A

An conurbation with more than 20 million people

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15
Q

Define world city

A

City with a global influence and impact e.g because of their financial status / global commercial power

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16
Q

Five characteristics of a world city

A
  1. High proportion of residents employed in services / information
  2. Centre sod new ideas,p and innovation in business, economics and politics
  3. Centres of media and communication
  4. Financial headquarters
  5. High quality educational institutions
17
Q

What can world cities be considered?

A

Hubs in which huge volumes of economic activity can be channelled

18
Q

Name the four types of ‘hub’

A
  1. Hubs of business and international trade
  2. Production hubs
  3. Political hubs
  4. Migration hubs
19
Q

Describe a hub of business and international trade

A
  • strong connections to the rest of the world via the Internet and electronic communication by air or shipping
  • they dominate global trade and consumer activity with headquarters for MNCs,international financial institutions, law firms, industrial giants and stock exchange that influences the world economy.
  • high levels of personal wealth
20
Q

Describe a production hub

A

Most manufacturing plants are located in developing countries and newly industrialising countries his beer many decisions about marketing and production are made by TNCs most of which have headquartered in world cities

21
Q

Describe a political hub

A

World city politicians that dictate trading and economic links between countries.
- influence and participate in international events and world affairs

22
Q

Describe a migration hub

A

Attract large numbers of qualified talented people who are globally mobile
- they have increasingly diverse populations

23
Q

How do World cities dominate and influence?

A

They dominate and influence well beyond their national boarders they also dominate culturally e.g theatre capitals of the world

24
Q

What did Loughborough university do?

A

In 1998 they made an attempt to identity cities of global significance and attempted to rank them based on their financial influence cities were categorised from alpha ++ to gamma level.

25
Q

Describe alpha ++ cities

A

More integrated than all other cities and constitutes their own high levels of integration e.g London and New York

26
Q

Describe alpha + cities

A

High interrelated cities, filling in advanced services needed for Pacific Asia e.g Paris, Tokoyo

27
Q

Describe alpha cities

A

Very important world cities, linking major economic region and rates into the world economy e.g Chicago, Milan, Mumbai, LA

28
Q

Describe beta cities

A

Important world cities that link regions or states into the world economy e.g Lisbon or Copenhagen

29
Q

Describe gamma cities

A

World cities that link smaller regions or states into the world economy and who’s major services is not in the advanced producer services

30
Q

Are world cities always the biggest?

A

No, however in the past they were usually the biggest cities however today it is their global influence and impact that is important