3.1.3.2 The impact of sport on society and of society on sport part 2 Flashcards
benefits to participation
- health benefits
- fitness benefits
- social benefits
- societal benefits
- individual benefits
10 health benefits
1-healthy body weight (obesity risk)
2-improve health of heart
3-raised self esteem
4-lower tension, stress, anxiety, depression
5-reduced blood pressure
6-increased performance of body system eg. body temp
7-occurrence illness (days off sick from work) = absence costs = lower absenteeism
8-serotonin = improve mood states
9-work productivity
10-ability to carry out daily activities
6 fitness benefits
1-ability to move e.g speed/agility
2-carry out physical work in everyday life
3-risk of injury
4-aerobic & anaerobic capacity
5-muscular fitness e.g. strength, power, endurance
6-CV fitness
9 social benefits
1-crime = positive free time - out of trouble
2-sense of community & integration (community morale)
3-obesity rates = reduce strain on NHS
4-new people & friends = community (Self confidence)
5-spending on healthy pursuits
6-promotes cooperation and team work
7-improved social skills
8-more money into economy via leisure spend
9-human needs (food shelter and clothing) met
benefits to society of increasing participation rates in sport and physical activity
- reduced obesity = less strain/stress placed on NHS
- development of social skills and communication = increased community morale and improves integration of a community
- sport helps to increase productivity of individuals at work (less sick days) = improve overall productivity and moral of business companies
- spending money on sport memberships/competitions/equipment = money back into economy
equal opportunities definition
-right to access the same opportunities regardless or race, gender, age and disability
discrimination definition
unfair treatment of a person or minority group
stereotyping definition
thinking all members of 1 social group possess the same characteristics which determine their capability for physical activity
prejudice definition
-form an unfavourable opinion on someone based on inadequate facts
5 disability barriers to participation
Barriers: 1- facilities, equipment, programmes, coaches, clubs 2-self image/self confidence 3-stereotypes, discrimination 4-poor access (adaptable sports) 5-media coverage/role models
e. g. Ellie Simmons
18. 5% of people with disability in England play sport regularly vs 39.2% of non disabled people
e. g. Blind football, Boccia
9 strategies to overcome barriers for disability
strategies:
1-training coaches
2-funding from NGBs - facilities, coaches, equipment
3-media coverage = promoting role models
4-greater access & transport to facilities
5-beginner sessions = confidence
6-money in equipments/clubs = more teams
7-technology (prosthetics/wheelchairs)
8-educate about myths and stereotypes
9-activities specifically designed for disabled athletes
ethnicity barriers to participation
Barriers:
1-language
2-racism/discrimination/prejudice
3-pushed towards certain sports (channeling & stacking)
4-role models
5-conflict with religious cultural beliefs
6-stereotyping/myths
36.7% black individuals & individuals from other ethnic minority groups are physically active at least once a week
(swimming now created full length costumes) - burkini
only able to swim is wearing full clothing
must have women only classes
heskie racist abuse
strategies to overcome ethnicity barriers
- punish = discourage racism
- education on myths/stereotypes
- campaigns
- promote role models in range of sports
- judge on talents rather than stereotypes
- train more coaches from backgrounds
- ensure single sex classes
- ensure PE kits follow ethnic preferences
gender barriers to participation
- free time/childcare/domestic responsibilities
- coverage of male = female role models
- sponsors/opportunities = full time athletes
- stereotyping
- different family commitments
- self esteem & body image issues
- fewer clubs and leagues
- negative experience in PE at school (not enough choice)
40.7% men vs 31.7% women are physically active at least once a week
strategies to overcome gender barriers
- create women only classes (more clubs/leagues/jobs)
- campaigns
- role models in media & sponsors
- introduce sex discrimination laws
- encourage shared domestic responsibilities
- educate stereotypical myths
- specialist sport organisations e.g. WTA
e.g. women cant look muscular
disadvantaged barriers to participation
1-disposable income 2-poor transport 3-poor sporting provision (public parks) 4-free time due to working many hours 5-crime = discourage outdoor activities
female participation in higher socio-economic group is 35% compared to 23% in lower socio-economic groups
3 strategies to overcome disadvantaged barriers
- lower fees/scholarships (subsidised fees)
- funding = facilities
- infrastructure in disadvantaged areas (new facilities)
stacking
- disproportionate concentration of ethnic minorities in certain positions in sports teams tends to be based on stereotypes they are more value for physicality than decision making and communication qualities
e. g. baseball white individuals as catcher (mot central ) African American outfield
CERTAIN POSITIONS IN CERTAIN SPORTS
channeling
ethnic minorities may be pushed into certain sports and even certain positions within a team based on assumptions about them
sport England works closely with local partners
explain how the services provided by these partners allow Sport England to develop sport at a local level
5 things
1-club/facilities development = participate
2-better coaches = improve performance standard
3-work on equality/targeted campaigns = increasing participation in under-represented groups
4-fund grassroots sports = facilities, coaches, equip= participation
5-education programmes = awareness of importance of health and fitness
local partners?
-local partners are called county sports partnerships (CSP’s) now known as active partnerships
-sport england (vision is to create a sporting habit for life)
work with range of local partners to try and ensure sport is accessible across every region
-active partnerships may work with local authorities, health organisations, NGBs, sports clubs/schools
what do local partners do?
Sport England spent over £1billion on projects aiming to:
- help more people have sporting habit for life
- create more opportunities for young people to play sport
- nuture/develop sports talent
- provide right facilities in right place
- support local authorities and unlock local funding
- ensure real opportunities for communities
active Surrey
- they help to organise Surrey youth games and help to train those athletes for free and they get the boroughs involved
- aim to change attitudes of disability sports
- supply schools with kit and equipment
national partners
- sport england works with no of nationally funded partners
1. England Federation of Disability sports = disability
2. sporting equals = ethnic minorities
3. women in sport = women
4. street games (disadvantaged communities)
