3.1.3.2 The impact of sport on society and of society on sport part 2

Question 1

benefits to participation

Answer 1

• health benefits
• fitness benefits
• social benefits
• societal benefits
• individual benefits

Question 2

10 health benefits

Answer 2

1-healthy body weight (obesity risk)
2-improve health of heart
3-raised self esteem
4-lower tension, stress, anxiety, depression
5-reduced blood pressure
6-increased performance of body system eg. body temp
7-occurrence illness (days off sick from work) = absence costs = lower absenteeism
8-serotonin = improve mood states
9-work productivity
10-ability to carry out daily activities

Question 3

6 fitness benefits

Answer 3

1-ability to move e.g speed/agility
2-carry out physical work in everyday life
3-risk of injury
4-aerobic & anaerobic capacity
5-muscular fitness e.g. strength, power, endurance
6-CV fitness

Question 4

9 social benefits

Answer 4

1-crime = positive free time - out of trouble
2-sense of community & integration (community morale)
3-obesity rates = reduce strain on NHS
4-new people & friends = community (Self confidence)
5-spending on healthy pursuits
6-promotes cooperation and team work
7-improved social skills
8-more money into economy via leisure spend
9-human needs (food shelter and clothing) met

Question 5

benefits to society of increasing participation rates in sport and physical activity

Answer 5

• reduced obesity = less strain/stress placed on NHS
• development of social skills and communication = increased community morale and improves integration of a community
• sport helps to increase productivity of individuals at work (less sick days) = improve overall productivity and moral of business companies
• spending money on sport memberships/competitions/equipment = money back into economy

Question 6

equal opportunities definition

Answer 6

-right to access the same opportunities regardless or race, gender, age and disability

Question 7

discrimination definition

Answer 7

unfair treatment of a person or minority group

Question 8

stereotyping definition

Answer 8

thinking all members of 1 social group possess the same characteristics which determine their capability for physical activity

Question 9

prejudice definition

Answer 9

-form an unfavourable opinion on someone based on inadequate facts

Question 10

5 disability barriers to participation

Answer 10

Barriers: 
1- facilities, equipment, programmes, coaches, clubs
2-self image/self confidence 
3-stereotypes, discrimination
4-poor access (adaptable sports)
5-media coverage/role models 

e. g. Ellie Simmons
18. 5% of people with disability in England play sport regularly vs 39.2% of non disabled people
e. g. Blind football, Boccia

Question 11

9 strategies to overcome barriers for disability

Answer 11

strategies:
1-training coaches
2-funding from NGBs - facilities, coaches, equipment
3-media coverage = promoting role models
4-greater access & transport to facilities
5-beginner sessions = confidence
6-money in equipments/clubs = more teams
7-technology (prosthetics/wheelchairs)
8-educate about myths and stereotypes
9-activities specifically designed for disabled athletes

Question 12

ethnicity barriers to participation

Answer 12

Barriers:
1-language
2-racism/discrimination/prejudice
3-pushed towards certain sports (channeling & stacking)
4-role models
5-conflict with religious cultural beliefs
6-stereotyping/myths

36.7% black individuals & individuals from other ethnic minority groups are physically active at least once a week
(swimming now created full length costumes) - burkini
only able to swim is wearing full clothing
must have women only classes
heskie racist abuse

Question 13

strategies to overcome ethnicity barriers

Answer 13

• punish = discourage racism
• education on myths/stereotypes
• campaigns
• promote role models in range of sports
• judge on talents rather than stereotypes
• train more coaches from backgrounds
• ensure single sex classes
• ensure PE kits follow ethnic preferences

Question 14

gender barriers to participation

Answer 14

• free time/childcare/domestic responsibilities
• coverage of male = female role models
• sponsors/opportunities = full time athletes
• stereotyping
• different family commitments
• self esteem & body image issues
• fewer clubs and leagues
• negative experience in PE at school (not enough choice)

40.7% men vs 31.7% women are physically active at least once a week

Question 15

strategies to overcome gender barriers

Answer 15

• create women only classes (more clubs/leagues/jobs)
• campaigns
• role models in media & sponsors
• introduce sex discrimination laws
• encourage shared domestic responsibilities
• educate stereotypical myths
• specialist sport organisations e.g. WTA

e.g. women cant look muscular

Question 16

disadvantaged barriers to participation

Answer 16

1-disposable income 
2-poor transport 
3-poor sporting provision  (public parks)
4-free time due to working many hours 
5-crime = discourage outdoor activities 

female participation in higher socio-economic group is 35% compared to 23% in lower socio-economic groups

Question 17

3 strategies to overcome disadvantaged barriers

Answer 17

• lower fees/scholarships (subsidised fees)
• funding = facilities
• infrastructure in disadvantaged areas (new facilities)

Question 18

stacking

Answer 18

• disproportionate concentration of ethnic minorities in certain positions in sports teams tends to be based on stereotypes they are more value for physicality than decision making and communication qualities
  e. g. baseball white individuals as catcher (mot central ) African American outfield

CERTAIN POSITIONS IN CERTAIN SPORTS

Question 19

channeling

Answer 19

ethnic minorities may be pushed into certain sports and even certain positions within a team based on assumptions about them

Question 20

sport England works closely with local partners
explain how the services provided by these partners allow Sport England to develop sport at a local level
5 things

Answer 20

1-club/facilities development = participate
2-better coaches = improve performance standard
3-work on equality/targeted campaigns = increasing participation in under-represented groups
4-fund grassroots sports = facilities, coaches, equip= participation
5-education programmes = awareness of importance of health and fitness

Question 21

local partners?

Answer 21

-local partners are called county sports partnerships (CSP’s) now known as active partnerships
-sport england (vision is to create a sporting habit for life)
work with range of local partners to try and ensure sport is accessible across every region
-active partnerships may work with local authorities, health organisations, NGBs, sports clubs/schools

Question 22

what do local partners do?

Answer 22

Sport England spent over £1billion on projects aiming to:

1. help more people have sporting habit for life
2. create more opportunities for young people to play sport
3. nuture/develop sports talent
4. provide right facilities in right place
5. support local authorities and unlock local funding
6. ensure real opportunities for communities

Question 23

active Surrey

Answer 23

• they help to organise Surrey youth games and help to train those athletes for free and they get the boroughs involved
• aim to change attitudes of disability sports
• supply schools with kit and equipment

Question 24

national partners

Answer 24

• sport england works with no of nationally funded partners
  1. England Federation of Disability sports = disability
  2. sporting equals = ethnic minorities
  3. women in sport = women
  4. street games (disadvantaged communities)

Question 25

get equipped disability campaign

Answer 25

• sport england (SE) get equipped grants programme help orgainsation/clubs deliver more sporting opps for disabled help access specialist equipment
• SEs wider commitment to increase disability participation
• apply for £300-£10,000 Lottery funding to purchase equipment

Question 26

if I will you will campaign women

Answer 26

• sept 2013 helps create a shift in attitude towards sport and physical activity and what encourages more women and girls to be active more often
• delivered nearly 25,000 sessions and awarded almost £35,000 of funding (aqua aerobics, belrobic, piloxing)
• goes live with this girl can campaign

Question 27

sporting equals campaign for ethnic minorities

Answer 27

• exist to promote ethnic diversity across sport and physical activity
• set up by 1998 by SE in partnership with Commission for racial equality
  aims: raise awareness/understand needs, empower individuals, advise/support policy makers
  outcomes: increase participation, identify/showcase talents, diversifying sport sector, improve health/lifestyle, build cohesive communities
• money given to facilities

Question 28

National governing bodies

Answer 28

NGBS work with Sport England by submitting a whole sport plan

Question 29

Whole sports plan

Answer 29

Business plan submitted by NGBS detailing how they aim to increase participation and talent over a 4 year period

E.g. LTA vision (relevant, accessible, welcoming, enjoyable)

Question 30

British rowing whole sports plan

Answer 30

1. Rowability (increase participation of disabled individuals through partnerships and increase rowing clubs
2. Generating the Habit: providing framework to deliver rowing to adults/children/volunteers across a variety of environment
3. Indoor rowing: increase no of adults participating in indoor rowing = aim to promote indoor rowing in schools through school games