3.1 Biological Elements

Question 1

Key elements that make up biological molecules

Answer 1

Carbon 
Hydrogen 
Oxygen 
Nitrogen 
Phosphorus 
Sulphur

Question 2

Covalent bond

Answer 2

Shared pair of electrons

Question 3

Displayed formula

Answer 3

H-H

Question 4

Ion

Answer 4

Total number of electrons are not equal to total number of protons

Question 5

Cation

Answer 5

Net positive charge

Loss of election

Question 6

Anion

Answer 6

Net negative charge

Gain of election

Question 7

Iconic bond

Answer 7

Atom loses or gains an electron and therefore the atoms are held together by the attraction of the opposite charges

Question 8

Electrolytes

Answer 8

Ions in a solution

Question 9

Elements in key biological molecules

Answer 9

Protein
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic acids

Question 10

What do calcium ions do

Answer 10

Nerve impulse and muscle contraction

Cation

Question 11

Sodium ion

Answer 11

Never impulse
Kidney function
Cation

Question 12

Potassium ion

Answer 12

Nerve impulse
Stomatal opening
Cation

Question 13

Hydrogen ion

Answer 13

Catalysis of reactions
pH determination
Cation

Question 14

Ammonium ion

Answer 14

Production of nitrate ions by bacteria

Cation

Question 15

Nitrate ion

Answer 15

Nitrogen supply to plants for AA and proteins

Anion

Question 16

Hydrogen carbonate ion

Answer 16

Maintain blood pH

Anion

Question 17

Chloride ion

Answer 17

Balance sodium and potassium in cells

Anion

Question 18

Phosphate ion

Answer 18

Cell membrane formation
Nucleic avid and atp
Bones formation
Anion

Question 19

Hydroxide ion

Answer 19

Catalysis of reactions
pH determination
Anion