3] What We Measure (Observation And Behaviour)

Question 1

Problems faced in typical lab designs

Answer 1

1: demand characteristics
These are cues that suggest to a partisan how they should behave
2: reactivity
When partisans alter their natural behavior because they are being measure

Question 2

Four roles of partpants

Answer 2

1: Good subjects think they know what the aim is and will give a response to help you get there
2: Negative subjects think they know what the aim is and give a response to upset the study
3: Apprehensive subjects care about how they appear I want to ensure that they come across socially desirable
4: Faithful subjects will follow instructions and ignore any suspicions

Question 3

What does observational research seek

Answer 3

1: obtain information in a more natural setting
2: obtain information through means other than self report

Question 4

Direct observation is

Answer 4

When you directly observe something and systemically record people’s behavior, this should not be influenced by anything which means the researcher must not interfere

Question 5

Why do you classify behavior

Answer 5

This is because observing behavior is subjective so you make a list of categories they can be put into to be document the data

Question 6

What are three quantifying techniques

Answer 6

1: frequency
2: duration
3: interval

Question 7

What is naturalistic observation

Answer 7

It is when the natural environment which behavior occurs is not alter by the researcher and will give us confidence that the participants are behaving normally

Question 8

Why do we use intervention

Answer 8

Sometimes the question cannot be answered in a naturalistic observation so the research will play a role in the study in order to gain the answer

Question 9

The two types of intervention are

Answer 9

1: participants observation
The research becomes a participant, which will allow the, to access closed or areas and gain a deeper understanding
Although this can allow the researchers to lose their objectivity and possibly influence the situation unintentionally
2: structured observations
The research can intervene by creating a particular event in the environment and then recording how people react

Question 10

What is indirect observation

Answer 10

Is how a person can derive information through means other than direct observation of the subjects behavior

Question 11

What are the two types of indirect observation

Answer 11

1: physical evidence
Researchers can make conclusions about the physical evidence presented when something has already happened
2: archival records