10] Types Of Experimental Design Flashcards
Experimental Design: What is an independent group design
It is an experimental design that consists of two separate groups being exposed to different experimental conditions.
Usually one half of the participants are assigned to the experimental group where they are exposed to a condition where the independent variable is manipulated.
Experimental Design: What is an repeated measures design
This is where all the participants of a study are involved in all the conditions of an independent variables.
Every circumstance of the experiment contains the exact same group of participants
What are the types of experimental design
1: independent groups
2: repeated measures
What is a hypothesis
It is an idea or explanation for something that is based on known facts but have not yet been proven
What is order and effect mean
A systematic error caused by the order in which participants take part in conditions
E.g: Participants may improve on the second condition because of practice or the might preform worse because they are bored or tired
What does counterbalancing do
It’s a technique used to minimize order effects when conducting usability testing or experiments
Independent Groups: pros
1: Counterbalancing isn’t an issue as every subject is in just one group
2: Researchers can ignore practice and fatigue effect
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Independent Groups: Cons
1: More participants are needed
2: Participant variables can tamper with the validity of results
What is randomizing and matching
What is Quasi-experiments
They are studies that aim to evaluate interventions but that do not use randomization, they aim to demonstrate causality between an intervention and an outcome
What is non-experimental
It is research that lacks the manipulation of an independent variable, random assignment of participants to condition or order of conditions or both
What are the types of Quasi-experiments
1: Pretest-post test non-equivalent design
What are the types of non-experiments
1: Differential
2: Post-test only non-equivalent control group
3: One group pretest-posttest
What is differential research
It involves comparing pre existing groups, this is often done with a questionnaire
E.g: Reaction time of 20 year olds vs 50 year olds
What is post-test only non-equivalent control group
Pretty much differential research but is one where an intervention is involved
What is one group pretest-posttest
It is where you compare one group before and after some event, with no control group or counter balancing
E.g: Are students more stressed by the presence of reading week
What is pretest-posttest non-equivalent design
There is a treatment group that is given a pretest, receives treatment and then is given a posttest although at the same time there is a non equivalent comparison group that is given a priestess but does not receive the treatment and then is given a post test
