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Elsevier Mycology (RVSP) > 3. The Opportunistic Molds > Flashcards

3. The Opportunistic Molds Flashcards

1
Q

Common spp. of Acremonium

A

Acremonium falciforme

Acremonium kiliense

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2
Q

Macroscopic:

Rapid grower
White, cottony colonies

A

Acremonium spp.

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3
Q

Microscopic: hyaline, septate hyphae

A

Acremonium spp.

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4
Q

Microscopic: unbranched, solitary, erect phialides formed directly on the hyphal tips

A

Acremonium spp.

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5
Q

Microscopic: conidia usually in clusters or fragile chains

A

Acremonium spp.

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6
Q

Drugs for Acremonium spp. that exhibit good in vitro activity

A

Newer azoles (voriconazole, posaconazole)

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7
Q

Drug for Acremonium spp. with higher MIC than voriconazole

A

Itraconazole

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8
Q

Drug for Acremonium spp. with a relatively low MIC

A

Caspofungin

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9
Q

Normal mycoflora of commodities (rice)

A

Fusarium

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10
Q

Medically important Fusarium spp.

A

Fusarium oxysporum
Fusarium chlamydosporum
Fusarium solani

OCS

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11
Q

Disease caused by Fusarium spp.

A

Fusariosis

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12
Q

Macroscopic:

Rapid grower
Woolly to cottony
Flat
Spreading

A

Fusarium spp.

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13
Q

Microscopic:

Macroconidia - 2 or more cells , thick walled, smooth, cylindrical or sickle (canoe) shaped

A

Fusarium spp.

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14
Q

Common Geotrichum spp.

A

Geotrichum candidum
Geotrichum fici
Geotrichum clavatum

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15
Q

Macroscopic:

  • Rapid growing
  • White, dry
  • Powdery to cottony colonies resembling ground glass
A

Geotrichum spp.

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16
Q

Macroscopic: colony may be yeastlike

A

Geotrichum spp.

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17
Q

Optimal growth temp of Geotrichum spp.

A

25°C

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18
Q

Microscopic: has Arthroconidia that is either rectangular or rounded at the ends

A

Geotrichum spp.

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19
Q

Microscopic: coarse true hyphae observed, may be undifferentiated

A

Geotrichum spp.

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20
Q

Most common Paecilomyces spp.

A

Paecilomyces lilacinus

Paecilomyces variotii

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21
Q

May resemble Penicillium spp. macroscopically and microscopically

A

Paecilomyces spp.

22
Q

Macroscopic:

Rapid grower
Flat, powdery, velvety

A

Paecilomyces spp.

23
Q

Thermophilic Paecilomyces spp.

A

P. variotii

24
Q

Microscopic:

  • Septate, hyaline hyphae
  • Branched conidiophore
  • Phialides swollen at the base and taper toward the apex
A

Paecilomyces spp.

25
Q

Microscopic: usually grouped in pairs or brushlike clusters

A

Paecilomyces spp.

26
Q

Microscopic: conidia are unicellular, hyaline to darkly colored, and form long chains

A

Paecilomyces spp.

27
Q

Thermal dimorph Penicillium spp.

A

Penicillium marneffei

28
Q

More common Penicillium spp.

A

Penicillium chrysogenum

Penicillium citrinum

29
Q

Fungi particularly virulent in patients with AIDS

A

Penicillium spp.

30
Q

Macrosopic:

Rapid growing
Velvety, woolly, cottony

A

Penicillium spp.

31
Q

Microscopic:

Flask-shaped phialides

A

Penicillium spp.

32
Q

Microscopic:

Form brushlike clusters

A

Penicillium spp.

33
Q

Microscopic:

Conidia are round, unicellular, form unbranching chains at the tips of phialides

A

Penicillium spp,

34
Q

Contains both hyaline and dematiaceous fungi species

A

Scopulariopsis spp.

35
Q

Common Scopulariopsis spp.

A 
Scopulariopsis brevicaulis (hyaline)
Scopulariopsis cinerea (dematiaceous)
36
Q

Causes onychomycosis on the toe nails

A

Scopulariopsis spp.

37
Q

Macroscopic:

Grows moderately rapidly
Granular to powdery

A

Scopulariopsis spp.

38
Q

Microscopic:

  • Septate hyphae
  • Conidiophores are hyphae-like and simple or branched
A

Scopulariopsis spp.

39
Q

Enumerate the most and less common Aspergillus spp.

A

Most common:
A. fumigatus
A. flavus
A. niger

Less common:
A. clavatus
A. glaucus
A. nidulans

40
Q

3 clinical settings for Aspergillosis

A

Toxin production
Allergic states
Opportunistic infections

41
Q

Allergic reaction caused by Aspergillus spp.

A

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

42
Q

Toxin produced by Aspergillus spp.

A

Aflatoxin

43
Q

Macroscopic:

Rapid grower (matures in 3 days)

A

Apergillus spp.

44
Q

How many days will Aspergillus spp. mature?

A

3 days

45
Q

Aspergillus spp. that grows well at 45°C

A

A. fumigatus

46
Q

Optimal growth temp of A. fumigatus

A

45°C

47
Q

Microscopic:

  • Septate hyphae
  • Unbranched conidiophore from a “foot cell”
A

Aspergillus spp.

48
Q

Microscopic:

Phialides cover the surface of the vesicle entirely (“radiate” head) or partially only at the upper surface (“columnar” head)

A

Aspergillus spp.

49
Q

Microscopic:

Phialides are either uniseriate (attached to the vescile directly) or biseriate (attached to the vesicle via a supporting cell) metula

A

Aspergillus spp.

50
Q

Microscopic: conidia from radial chains

A

Aspergillus spp.

51
Q

Filamentous fungus in plant debris and soil

A

Acremonium spp.

Elsevier Mycology (RVSP) (13 decks)

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