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Elsevier Mycology (RVSP) > 2. Basic Clinical Mycology (III) > Flashcards

2. Basic Clinical Mycology (III) Flashcards

1
Q

Microscopic morphology of molds used in its ID

A

Septate/aseptate hyphae
Conidiophore structure
Microconidia/macroconidia

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2
Q

Rapid information of immunoidentity for mold ID

A

Exoantigen test

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3
Q

Exoantigen test is read at

A

24 hours

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4
Q

Fungi ID through exoantigen test

A

Blastomyces
Coccidioides
Histoplasma

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5
Q

How to do exoantigen test?

A
  • extract soluble antigen from unknown isolate
  • concentrate
  • react with antiserum specific to known fungi
  • positive control necessary for definitive ID
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6
Q

Principle used in DNA probe kits

A

Nucleic acid hybridization

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7
Q

DNA probe can only be performed on

A

Cultured organisms

NOT on specimens

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8
Q

Advanced technique for mold ID that can only be performed on cultured organisms

A

DNA probe

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9
Q

DNA probe was developed for

A

Balastomyces
Coccidioides
Histoplasma

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10
Q

Macroscopic morphology of yeasts used in its ID

A

Color

Texture

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11
Q

Color of yeast colonies

A

White
Tan
Pink
Salmon

Can have dematiaceous yeasts

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12
Q

Texture of yeast colonies

A

Mucoid
Butterlke
Velvety
Wrinkled

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13
Q

Method for microscopic examination of yeasts

A

Wet preparation

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14
Q

Microscopic morphology of yeasts used in its ID

A

Hyphae
Pseudohyphae
Blastoconidia

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15
Q

Media for yeasts that encourage development of chlamydospores

A

Cornmeal Tween 80 agar

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16
Q

Develops in Cornmeal Tween 80 agar

A

Chlamydospores

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17
Q

Clear media that can be observed under a light microscope

A

Cornmeal Tween 80 agar

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18
Q

Cornmeal agar morphology for yeasts is used in conjunction with

A

Carbohydrate usage

19
Q

4 main morphology types in Cornmeal Tween 80 agar

A

Hyphae
Pseudohyphae
Arthroconidia
Chlamydoconidia/blastoconidia

20
Q

Fungi with pseudohyphae and blastoconidia only on Cornmeal Tween 80 agar

A

C. krusei
C. parapsilosis
C. kefyr
C. tropicalis

21
Q

Fungi with blastoconidia only on Cornmeal Tween 80 agar

A

C. glabrata

C. neoformans

22
Q

Fungi with arthroconidia only on Cornmeal Tween 80 agar

A

Trichosporon beigelii

23
Q

Physiologic tests for yeast ID

A

Germ tube test
Fermentation/assimilation
Urea hydrolysis

24
Q

Most basic and easiest physiologic test for yeasts to perform

A

Germ tube test

25
Q

Filamentous outgrowth from blastoconidia

A

Germ tube

26
Q

The germ tube test for yeast ID requires

A

Serum or plasma

Commercial boths will last longer

27
Q

Biggest problems in performing germ tube test for yeast ID

A

Overincubation

Overinoculation

28
Q

Germ tube test reading for yeast ID is not valid if read after

A

2 hours

29
Q

Produces “true” germ tubes

A

C. albicans

30
Q

Characteristics of a true germ tube

A

No constriction at the base where the tube attaches to the mother cell

31
Q

Produces germ tubes with a constricted base

A

C. tropicalis

32
Q

Other yeasts that produce germ tubes

A

C. stellatoidea

C. dubliniensis

33
Q

How do you differentiate C. albicans from C. stellatoidea since both produce germ tubes?

A

Use sucrose assimilation

34
Q

Differentiating characteristic of C. dubliniensis from other yeasts

A

No growth at 45°C

35
Q

Yeast that does not grow at 45°C

A

C. dubliniensis

36
Q

Physiologic test for yeast ID that determines carbohydrate use in absence of oxygen

A

Fermentation

37
Q

Commercial products for fermentation/assimilation physiologic test for yeast ID

A

API 20C: strip test

Vitek: automated

38
Q

Fungi differentiated using urea hydrolysis physiologic test for yeast ID

A

Cryptococcus

Rhodotorula

39
Q

Positive result in urea hydrolysis physiologic test for yeast ID

A

Pink

40
Q

Negative result in urea hydrolysis physiologic test for yeast ID

A

Little to no change

41
Q

Temperature study of Cryptococcus spp.

A

35°C: weak growth

42°C: no growth

42
Q

Temperature study of Candia spp.

A

Several spp. can grow well exceeding 45°C

43
Q

Order of events for yeast ID

A
  • wet preparation
  • germ tube test
  • corn meal morphology
  • physiologic/biochemical tests
  • temperature
44
Q

Advanced techniques for mold identification

A

Exoantigen test

DNA probe

Elsevier Mycology (RVSP) (13 decks)

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