10. Fungus-like Bacteria Flashcards
Minor genera that are fungus-like bacteria
Rhodococcus
Actinomadura
Nocardiopsis
Anaerobic fungus-like bacteria
Actinomyces
Aerobic fungus-like bacteria
Nocardia
Streptomyces
Fungus-like bacteria that stains partially acid-fast
Nocardia
Produced by all fungus-like bacteria
Granules
Oxygen requirement of Actinomyces spp.
Obligate aerobe
Gram-reaction of Actinomyces spp.
Gram positive
Fungus-like bacteria that produces yellow sulfur granules
Actinomyces spp.
Most common Actinomyces spp.
Actinomyces israelii
Most common Nocardia spp.
Nocardia asteroides
Nocardia spp. most important in tropical areas
Nocardia brasiliensis
Disease caused by Nocardia spp.
Nocardiosis
Gram reaction of Nocardia spp.
Gram variable
Acid fast reaction of Nocardia spp.
Modified acid-fast bacilli positive
Oxygen requirements of Nocardia spp.
Strictly aerobic
Filamentous and branching seen on microscope
Nocardia spp.
Nocardia colonies usually form within _______, but may require up to __________
4 days; 2-4 weeks
Has “moldlike” colonies
Nocardia spp.
Has a distinct strong mildew odor
Nocardia spp.
Has a gram-variable or “beaded” appearance
Nocardia spp.
Describe the “beaded” appearance of Nocardia spp.
Alternating gram-positive and gram-negative segments along a filament
What is the appearance of Nocardia spp. under suboptimal conditions?
Uniformly gram-negative
Acid fast stains for Nocardia spp.
- Modified Ziehl-Neelsen
- Kinyoun acid-fast stain
Used to differentiate Nocardia spp. and other aerobic actinomycetes
Tap water agar morphology
Appearance of Nocardia spp. on tap water agar
Has branching hyphae with aerial hyphae
Differentiate N. asteroides and N. brasiliensis based on biochemical characteristics
N. brasiliensis: hydrolyzes casein and tyrosine
N. asteroides: does not hydrolyze casein, xanthine, or tyrosine
A soil saprophyte associated with domestic farm animals
Rhodococcus equi
Colonies of R. equi form in
2-4 days
Gram reaction of R. equi
Gram-positive coccobacillus
Has glistening, smooth, pink to red colonies
R. equi
Sometimes partially acid-fast
R. equi
Biochemical characteristics of R. equi
Does not hydrolyze casein, tyrosine, or xanthine
Has a musty smell
Streptomyces spp.
Streptomyces spp. found in soil
Streptomyces griseus
Aerial, tertiary branching on tap water agar
Streptomyces spp.
Actinomadura spp.
Streptomyces spp. form colonies within
3-5 days at 35°C
Gram reaction of Streptomyces spp.
Gram-positive filamentous bacilli
Biochemical characteristics of Streptomyces spp.
Hydrolyzes casein and tyrosine
2 common Actinomadura spp.
Actinomadura madurae
Actinomadura pelletieri
Disease caused by Actinomadura spp.
Mycetoma
Gram reaction of Actinomadura spp.
Gram-positive filamentous bacilli
Biochemical characteristics of Actinomadura spp.
Hydrolyzes casein and tyrosine
Fungus-like bacteria that is thermotolerant
Nocardiopsis spp.
Causes a very rare case of mycetoma
Nocardiopsis spp.
3 major genera that are fungus-like bacteria
Actinomyces
Nocardia
Streptomyces