3 - musculoskeletal words Flashcards
agonist
the muscle that is the primary mover of a given movement
amputation
amputat = to cut through + -ion = process
surgical or traumatic removal of a limb/part/appendage
antagonist
ant- = against + agon = a contest + -ist = agent
muscle that counteracts the action of another muscle
arthralgia
arthr = joint + -algia = pain
joint pain
ataxia
a- = lack of + -taxia = order
lack of muscular coordination
atonic
a- = lack of + ton = tone/tension + -ic = pertaining to
lack of normal muscle tone
atrophy
a- = lack of + -trophy = nourishment
wasting away of muscular tissue that may be cause by lack of use or lack of nerve stimulation of the muscle
brachyalgia
brach/i = arm + -algia = pain
pain in the arm
bradykinesia
brady-= slow + -kinesia = movement
slowness of motion or movement
bursa
burs = a pouch
pad-like sac between muscles, tendons, and bones that is lined with synovialfluid and contains a fluid
calcaneal
calcan/e = heel bone + -al = pertaining to
pertaining to the heel bone
carpal
carp = wrist + -al = pertaining to
pertaining to the wrist bones
cast
medical equipment that is hard and used to immobilise a fractured bone, dislocated joint, or sprain
chondral
chondr = cartilage + -al = pertaining to
pertaining to cartilage
clavicular
clavicul = clavicle + -al = pertaining to
pertaining to the clavicle/collar bone
coccygeal
coccyg/e = coccyx + -al = pertaining to
pertaining to the coccyx or tailbone
contracture
shortening of the muscle that is then resistant to stretching
dactylogram
dactyl/o = finger/toe + -gram = mark or record
a fingerprint
dislocation
separation of the bone from the joint
dystonia
dys- = difficult + ton = tone/tension + -ia = condition
impaired muscle tone
fixation
fixat = fastened + -ion = process
process of holding or securing in a fixed position
flaccid
lacking muscle tone
hallux
the great toe
humeral
humer = humerus + -al =pertaining to
pertaining to the humerus
iliac
ili = ilium + -ac = pertaining to
pertaining to the ilium
iliosacral
pertaining to the ilium + sacrum
intercostal
inter- = between + cost = rib + -al = pertaining to
pertaining to the space between two ribs
ischial
isch/i = ischium + -al = pertaining to
pertaining to the ischium
lumbar
lumb = lower back + -ar = pertaining to
pertaining to the lower back
mandibular
mandibul = lower jawbone + -ar = pertaining to
pertaining to the lower jaw
maxillary
maxill = upper jawbone + -ary = pertaining to
pertaining to the upper jawbone
meniscus
menisc = crescent + -us = structure
crescent shaped cartilage that is located in certain joints - ex: the knee
myalgia
my = muscle + -algia = pain
pain in the muscle
orthopedics
area of medicine that involves the study of the musculoskeletal system, its structure, function, and pathology
osteogenesis
oste/o = bone + -genesis = formation
formation of bone
pedal
pertaining to the foot
radial
pertaining to the radius
spinal
pertaining to the spine
symphysis
a firm joint, made of cartilage
synergist
the muscle that acts alongside another muscle to produce movement
tibial
pertaining to the tibia
ulnar
pertaining to the ulna
xiphoid (process)
xiph = sword + -oid = resemble
the lowest portion of the sternum; cartilage shaped like a sword
