3 - musculoskeletal basics Flashcards
muscular system
comprised of muscles in the body; enables the body to move
skeletal system
comprised of bones, ligaments, tendons, and cartilage; form the skeleton of the body
primary organ of skeletal system
bones (206)
functions of bone
form the framework of the body
serve in structure and movement
protect internal organs
store minerals (calcium and phosphate)
act as site of blood cell formation
divisions of skeletal system
axial and appendicular skeleton
axial skeleton
consists of bones at the core of the body; skull, spine, ribs, and sternum
appendicular skeleton
consists of the bones of the appendages of the body; shoulder girdle, arms, hands, pelvic girdle, legs, and feet
bone shapes
long, flat, short, irregular, sesamoid
long bones
located in the arms and legs
ex: femur
flat bones
located in the shoulder, skull, ribs, and parts of pelvis
ex: sternum or skull bones
short bones
located in fingers and toes
ex: carpal bones of wrist
irregular bones
located in the spine and ear
ex: vertebrae
sesamoid bones
shaped like a sesame seed
ex: patella (kneecaps)
accessory structures of skeletal system
cartilage, tendons, and ligaments
cartilage
fibrous connective tissue
found at the ends of bones, in the joints, and the tube structures of the body
ex: larynx, air passages, and ears
