3. Horseshoe kidney COPY Flashcards

1
Q

MC congenital renal abnormality

A

Horse kidney

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2
Q

horseshoe kidney - definition

A

interior poles of kidneys fuse abnormally

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3
Q

function

A

normally

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4
Q

location

A

As they ascend from pelvis during fetal development , horseshoe kidneys get trapped under inferior mesenteric artery and remain low in the abdomen

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5
Q

Horse shoe kidney is associated with

A

1.hydronephrosis (eg, ureteropelvic junction obstruction),
2. renal stones,
3.infection,
4.chromosomal aneuploidy syndromes (eg,
Turner syndrome; trisomies 13, 18, 21), and
5.rarely renal cancer.

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6
Q

Unilateral renal agenesis - mechanism and definition

A

ureteric bud fails to develop and induce differentation of metanphric mesnhume –> complete absence of kidney and ureter

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7
Q

Unilateral renal agenesis - definition

A

complete absence of kidney and ureter

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8
Q

Unilateral renal agenesis - diagnosis

A

often perinatally via ultrasound

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9
Q

• A 40-year-old man is incidentally found to have fused kidneys on an abdominal CT scan. Name this anatomic abnormality.

A

Horseshoe kidney

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10
Q

• The horseshoe kidney gets trapped beneath the ____ artery.

A

Inferior mesenteric (and it remains low in the abdomen)

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11
Q

• A girl with a webbed neck, short stature, and a low hairline presents with amenorrhea. What renal anomaly might be found on ultrasound?

A

Horseshoe kidney (this is Turner syndrome)

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12
Q

• Name the group of congenital syndromes with which horseshoe kidney is most strongly associated.

A

Chromosomal aneuploidy syndromes (e.g., Down, Edwards, Patau, Turner)

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