1. Kidney embryology COPY

Question 1

intermediate mesoderm gives rise to

Answer 1

urogenital ridge

Question 2

Urogenital ridge gives rise to … (and then )

Answer 2

nephrogenic ridge –> develops into 3 steps of nephric structure —> a. pronephros b . mesonephros c. metanephros

Question 3

sets of nephric structure ( and area)

Answer 3

1. pronephros ( upper - cranial most)
2. mesoneprhros ( middle)
3. metanephros ( lower -caudal most)

Question 4

pronephros - time

Answer 4

apperas at week 4 and then degenerates

Question 5

pronephros - function

Answer 5

not functional in humans 5

Question 6

pronephros develops by

Answer 6

the differentiation of mesoderm within the nephrogenic cord to form pronephric tubules and the pronephric duct

Question 7

mesonephros develops by

Answer 7

the differentiation of mesoderm within the nephrogenic cord to form mesonephric tubules and the mesonephric duct (wolffian duct)

Question 8

mesonephric duct is AKA

Answer 8

Wolffian duct

Question 9

mesonephros function

Answer 9

1. interim kidney for 1st trimester

2. later contributes to male genital center ( mesonephric duct)

Question 10

mesonephros - regression

Answer 10

most of mesonephric tubules regress, but the mesonephric duct ( Wolffian duct ) persists to open into urogenital sinus

Question 11

Metanephros time

Answer 11

1st appears in5th week of gestation –> nephrogenesis continuous through 32-36 weeks of gestation

Question 12

metanephros is functional in fetus in (time)

Answer 12

week ten

Question 13

metanephros is consist by

Answer 13

1. ureteric bud

2. metanephric parenchyma ( metanephric blastema)

Question 14

metanephros is consist by … ( developed by)

Answer 14

1. ureteric bud –> derived from caudal end of mesonephric duct
2. metanephric parenchyma ( metanephric blastema)–. condensation of mesoderm within nephrogenic cord

Question 15

metanephros is consist by (gives rises generally )

Answer 15

1. ureteric bud –. collecting system

2. metanephric parenchyma ( metanephric blastema)—> nephron

Question 16

ureteric bud gives rise to ( explain )

Answer 16

collecting system : it penetrates metanephric mesoderm to form the ureter, pelvises , calyces, collectind ducts

Question 17

ureteic bud is fully canalized at

Answer 17

10th week

Question 18

aberant interaction between ureteric bud and metanephric mesoderm may result

Answer 18

several congenital malformations of kidney

Question 19

renal - DCT

Answer 19

distal concoulate tubule

Question 20

MC of renal system obstruction ( hydronephrosis ) in fetus (and why)

Answer 20

ureteropelvic junction - last to canalize

Question 21

kidney embryology - last to canalize

Answer 21

ureteropelvic junction

Question 22

• The kidneys of a 4-week-old human embryo are examined. The development of which structure is expected to be seen?

Answer 22

The pronephros

Question 23

• After week 4, what happens to the pronephros?

Answer 23

The pronephros degenerates

Question 24

During which trimester of fetal development does a structure that eventually contributes to the male genital system arise?

Answer 24

During the first trimester, the mesonephros, which later contributes to male genital system, begins to develop

Question 25

• What fetal structure functions as the interim kidney for the first trimester?

Answer 25

Mesonephros

Question 26

• A researcher wishes to physically block development of the ureteric bud. Where must he stall development?

Answer 26

The caudal end of the mesonephros

Question 27

What adult structures in the urinary tract are derived from the ureteric bud?

Answer 27

• Collecting ducts, calyces, pelvises, and ureters

Question 28

• What adult structures in the urinary tract are derived from the metanephric mesenchyme?

Answer 28

Structures in the kidney, from the glomerulus to the distal convoluted tubule

Question 29

• What is the most common cause of hydronephrosis in a fetus? Why?

Answer 29

Ureteropelvic junction obstruction; the ureteropelvic junction is the last structure to canalize

Question 30

• The interaction of which two structures/tissues in the developing kidney induces proper differentiation and formation of the renal tubules?

Answer 30

Ureteric bud and metanephric mesenchyme (aberrant interaction leads to congenital malformations)

Question 31

• The ____ (pronephros/mesonephros/metanephros) appears at week 5 of gestation and is permanent.

Answer 31

Metanephros

Question 32

• After formation of the ____, nephrogenesis continues through weeks 32–36 of gestation.

Answer 32

Metanephros