3. Experimental Design (AS) Flashcards
What is experimental design?
The different ways in which the testing of participants can be organised in relation to the experimental conditions.
What is an independent group design?
Participants are allocated to different groups for each group represents one experimental condition.
What is a repeated measures design?
All participants take part in all conditions of the experiment.
What is the key issue with the repeated measures design?
When participants were tested more than once, and explains all the conditions of the experiment, there is an increased likelihood they will become wise to the aims of the study.
What is a match pairs design?
Pairs of participants the first match on some variables that may affect the DVD. Then one member of the pair is assigned to condition A and the other to condition B.
What is random allocation?
And attempt to control the participant variables in an independent groups design which insures that each participant is the same chance of being in one condition as any other.
What is counterbalancing?
And attempt to control the effects of order in a repeated measures design, half the participants exercise the conditions in one order and the other half in the opposite order.
What are the evaluation points for independent group design?
The participants to occupy the different groups are not the same - pcp variables may intervene
They are less economical than repeated measures as each pcp occupies a single result only.
Order effects are not a problem.
Pcps are less likely to guess the aim.
What are the evaluation points for the repeated measures?
Each participant has to do at least two tasks and the order of the tasks may be significant – order effects.
It is more likely to participate and work out the aim of the study therefore demand characteristics may occur.
Participant variables and controlled and fewer participants are needed.
What are the evaluation points for matched pairs?
Order effects and demand characteristics are less of a problem because participants only take part in a single condition.
Participants can never be matched exactly even when identical twins are used the participant variables will have a role.
Matching pairs maybe time-consuming and expensive.
