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Zoology 1090 > 3: Cells > Flashcards

3: Cells Flashcards

1
Q

4 things all cells have

A 
Nucleic acid (transmit info)
Proteins (cell functions)
Carbs (energy)
Plasma membrane (barrier)
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2
Q

Phospholipid bilayer

A

Plasma membrane made up of double layer hydrophilic heads with hydrophobic tails

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3
Q

Hydrophilic heads

A

Made of phosphate and glycerol

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4
Q

Hydrophobic tails

A

Made up of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids

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5
Q

Selective permeability

A

ALL small nonpolar
SOME small uncharged polar
FEW large uncharged polar
NO ions

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6
Q

4 functions of plasma membrane

A

Isolates from environment
Regulates exchanges
Sensitive to environment
Structural support

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7
Q

Passive transport

A

Diffusion

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8
Q

Active transport

A

Low to high concentration

ATP needed

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9
Q

Hypertonic solution

A

Cell losses water and will shrivel

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10
Q

Hypotonic solution

A

Cell gains water and bloats or pops

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11
Q

Isotonic

A

Zen between solution and cell

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12
Q

Carrier mediated transport

A

Using protein binds to cross plasma membrane

Passive/ active

Can only transport matching material

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13
Q

Cotransport

A

Transports 2 things in 1 direction

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14
Q

Countertransport

A

Transports 2 things in 2 directions

Exchange pump

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15
Q

ATP hydrolysis

A

ATP and WATER

Used to activate energy

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16
Q

ATP

A

adenosine triphosphate

17
Q

Endocytosis

A
  1. Ligands bind to receptors
  2. Area with ligands forms pocket
  3. Pocket pinches off
  4. Vesicles fuse with lysosomes
  5. Ligands are released
  6. Vesicle and lysosome detach
  7. Vesicle rejoins membrane
18
Q

Exocytosis

A

Active transport using vesicle to release solids and fluids from cell

19
Q

2 types of gradients

A
  1. Electrochemical

2. Concentration

20
Q

Facilitated diffusion

A

Passive transport type of carrier mediated transport

21
Q

Phagocytosis

A

Process of engulfing and eliminating

Zoology 1090 (15 decks)

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