10: Endocrine Flashcards
Tropic
Hormone that goes somewhere else to cause another hormone to be resealed
ACTH
Adenocorticotropic hormone
Released by anterior pituitary to act on adrenals for long term stress
TSH
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Tells thyroid to release T3 and T4 which stimulates metabolism in tissues
PRL
prolactin
Stimulates milk production in mammary glands
FSH
Follicle stimulating hormone
Manage menstrual cycle and oocyte release
LH
Lutenizing hormone
Release of egg and maintain menstrual cycle
MSH
Melanocyte stimulating hormone
Stimulates melanocytes in skin
ADH
Antidiuretic hormone
Tells kidneys to retain Na and water to increase BP and blood volume
OXT
oxytocin
Stimulates labor contractions and the release of milk
CT
Calcitonin
Calcitonin lowers the Ca levels
PTH
Parathyroid hormone
Raises the Ca levels
ANP
Atrial natriuetic peptide
Comes from the heart Tells kidney to release Na and water to lower BP and blood volume
EPO
Erythropoietin
Comes from kidney and stimulates red blood cell formation
2 types of lipophobic endocrine
Amino acid (smallest) Peptide (largest)
How does the hypothalamus communicate with the posterior pituitary
Neural axons
How does the hypothalamus communicate with the anterior pituitary
Capillary portal
What hormone releases glucocorticoid
ACTH
Which endocrine gland stores hormones in follicle cavities
Thyroid
Aldosterone is the principal
Mineralcorticoid (steroid)
All hormones are
Chemical messengers
Primary glands
Thyroid Adrenal Pancreas Pineal Parathyroid
Secondary glands
Adipose tissue Digestive tract Kidney Gonads Heart
Which gland has direct control by nervous system
Adrenal
Which hormones have direct release of hormones
Posterior pituitary
ADH
OXT
Which hormones are regulated indirectly
Hypothalamus and anterior pituitary LH FSH TSH ACTH MSH PRL GH
What do second messengers do?
They amplify results
cAMP
A signaler that helps secondary messengers with amplification
What is humoral stimuli
Changes in extracellular fluid fluid causing negative feedback
What is hormonal stimuli
Changes I’m hormone levels causing negative feedback
What is neural stimuli
Neurotransmitter stimulation through negative feedback
Diabetes insipidus
ADH isn’t working so they’re constantly thirsty and constantly peeing
Adrenal cortex
Salt
Sugar
Sex
Androgens
Sex hormone from adrenal cortex
Cortisol
Raises blood sugar through adrenal cortex
Aldosterone
Salt retention from adrenal cortex
T3 name
Tri-iodothyronine
T4 name
Thyroxin
3 hormones from kidney
Calcitriol
EPO
Renin
Calcitriol
Stimulated by PTH to increase Ca
EPO
Stimulated by low ox levels in kidneys to produce RBC
