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PSY 3400 > 3-5 > Flashcards

3-5 Flashcards

1
Q

law of effect

A

responses made to situations accompanied by satisfaction will make the behavior more likely to occur

Thorndike

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2
Q

responses made to situations accompanied by satisfaction will make the behavior more likely to occur

A

law of effect

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3
Q

mechanical strengthening process

A

???

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4
Q

???

A

mechanical strengthening process

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5
Q

Gunthrie and Horton

A

took pictures of the animals in puzzle boxes

behavior varied among each cat, but individual cats focused on one behavior

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6
Q

took pictures of the animals in puzzle boxes

behavior varied among each cat, but individual cats focused on one behavior

A

Gunthrie and Horton

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7
Q

stop-action principle

A

reinforcer stops the action (behavior) and strengthens the association between the situation and the precise behaviors occurring when reinforcement was delivered

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8
Q

reinforcer stops the action (behavior) and strengthens the association between the situation and the precise behaviors occurring when reinforcement was delivered

A

stop-action principle

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9
Q

superstitious behavior

A

behavior that occurs because the reinforcer followed, but the behavior doesn’t cause the reinforcer

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10
Q

behavior that occurs because the reinforcer followed, but the behavior doesn’t cause the reinforcer

A

superstitious behavior

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11
Q

Skinner’s experiment

A

pigeons got grains every 15 seconds regardless of behavior, but over half of the pigeons did behaviors anyway

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12
Q

pigeons got grains every 15 seconds regardless of behavior, but over half of the pigeons did behaviors anyway

A

Skinner’s experiment

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13
Q

staddon and simmelhag

A

thought Skinner’s superstitious behaviors could be interim behaviors innate predisposition to perform when receiving reinforcement was low

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14
Q

thought Skinner’s superstitious behaviors could be interim behaviors innate predisposition to perform when receiving reinforcement was low

A

staddon and simmelhag

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15
Q

interim behaviors

A

e.g. things you do while you wait

EARLY part of the interval

Staddon and Simmelhag

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16
Q

e.g. things you do while you wait

EARLY part of the interval

A

interim behaviors

Staddon and Simmelhag

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17
Q

terminal behaviors

A

increase as time of food delivery approaches, typically occur near the END of the interval

Staddon and Simmelhag

(skinner was looking at at this with superstitious)

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18
Q

increase as time of food delivery approaches, typically occur near the END of the interval

A

terminal behaviors

Staddon and Simmelhag

(skinner was looking at at this with superstitious)

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19
Q

adjunctive behaviors

A

stereotyped behaviors that arise when reinforcer is delivered at regular intervals

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20
Q

stereotyped behaviors that arise when reinforcer is delivered at regular intervals

A

adjunctive behaviors

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21
Q

shaping

A

differential reinforcement of successive approximations towards the target behavior

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22
Q

differential reinforcement of successive approximations towards the target behavior

A

shaping

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23
Q

primary reinforcer

A

reinforcement that is inherent, it doesn’t need to be previously experienced for it to be reinforcing

(unconditioned reinforcer)

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24
Q

reinforcement that is inherent, it doesn’t need to be previously experienced for it to be reinforcing

A

primary reinforcer

unconditioned reinforcer

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25
conditioned reinforcer
stimulus strengthens set behaviors through association with the primary reinforcer (secondary reinforcer)
26
stimulus strengthens set behaviors through association with the primary reinforcer
conditioned reinforcer | secondary reinforcer
27
generalized reinforcer
associated with a large number of primary reinforcers
28
associated with a large number of primary reinforcers
generalized reinforcer
29
percentile schedule
response reinforced only if it is "better" than a specified percentage of previous responses (quantitative)
30
response reinforced only if it is "better" than a specified percentage of previous responses
percentile schedule
31
operant conditioning
a behavior that is strengthened through reinforcement | Skinner
32
a behavior that is strengthened through reinforcement
operant conditioning | Skinner
33
discrete trial procedure
operant conditioning | subject makes one response and the experimenter has to reset the puzzle box
34
subject makes one response and the experimenter has to reset the puzzle box
discrete trial procedure | operant conditioning
35
free operant procedure
subject can make as many responses as they want s long as they're in the experimental chamber
36
subject can make as many responses as they want s long as they're in the experimental chamber
free operant procedure
37
three term contingency
Discriminative stimulus (antecedent) = a stimulus in the presence of which a response will produce a particular consequence Response (behavior) = the behavior they do Reinforcement (consequence) = what happens as a result of the behavior
38
extinction
gradual decrease in responding as a result of the reinforcer not being given
39
gradual decrease in responding as a result of the reinforcer not being given
extinction
40
spontaneous recovery
after a while, the behavior occurs again even though there's no reinforcer
41
after a while, the behavior occurs again even though there's no reinforcer
spontaneous recovery
42
resurgence
extinguish one behavior and the first one comes back e.g. A: left lever gives food B: left extinguished, right lever gives food C: extinction of both, rat goes back to pressing left lever
43
extinguish one behavior and the first one comes back
resurgence e.g. A: left lever gives food B: left extinguished, right lever gives food C: extinction of both, rat goes back to pressing left lever
44
generalization
having similar responses, contexts, and/or reinforcers
45
having similar responses, contexts, and/or reinforcers
generalization
46
discrimination
having different responses, contexts, and/or reinforcers
47
having different responses, contexts, and/or reinforcers
discrimination
48
response chain
more than one response required to produce reinforcement
49
more than one response required to produce reinforcement
response chain
50
backward chaining
last step is the step they do independently and work they're way backwards until they do the entire behavior independently
51
last step is the step they do independently and work they're way that way until they do the entire behavior independently
backward chaining
52
forward chaining
first step is the one they do independently and learn the entire process of behaviors that way until they're completely independent
53
first step is the one they do independently and learn the entire process of behaviors that way until they're completely independent
forward chaining
54
instinctive drift
behavior that shifts with experience away from the reinforced performance to biological behaviors related to the reinforcer
55
behavior that shifts with experience away from the reinforced performance to biological behaviors related to the reinforcer
instinctive drift
56
autoshaping
when the hopper delivers a reinforcer even if the behavior doesn't occur. The subject learns that if they press the button they get the reinforcer faster. doesn't take as long as hand shaping
57
when the hopper delivers a reinforcer even if the behavior doesn't occur. The subject learns that if they press the button they get the reinforcer faster.
autoshaping doesn't take as long as hand shaping
58
behavior systems analysis
???
59
???
behavior systems analysis
60
reinforcement theory and biological constraints
instinctive drift | check textbook for more
61
instinctive drift | check textbook for more
reinforcement theory and biological constraints

PSY 3400 (15 decks)

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