3/13EXAM 2 Reading 1 (N.Ch5)

Question 1

How will the chronic administration of an antagonist affect the number and sensitivity of the receptors it antagonizes?

Answer 1

The NUMBER and SENSITIVITY of the receptors INCREASE

Question 2

When do receptors become UPREGULATED?

Answer 2

When chronically exposed to an antagonist, the receptors upregulate, which means that both the number of receptors and their sensitivity both increase.

Question 3

Therapeutic index describes the

Answer 3

average safety margin for the drug for a specific therapeutic effect

Question 4

What is often used to compare the potency of two different drugs?

Answer 4

The ED50

Question 5

The lower the ED50, the more /Less potent the drug is.

Answer 5

More

Question 6

If you divide the ED50 by the LD50, you get the

Answer 6

Therapeutic Index

Question 7

The pharmacological theory that states that the magnitude of the effect of a drug is proportional to the number of receptors it occupies is known as the

Answer 7

Occupancy Theory

Question 8

What is the occupancy theory

Answer 8

Magnitude of drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors it occupies

Question 9

Which of the following types of chemical bonds is the strongest?

Answer 9

Covalent bonds

Question 10

Which of the following types of chemical bonds is the strongest?

Answer 10

Covalent bonds

Question 11

Which of the following types of chemical bonds is the Weakest>

Answer 11

Van der Waals forces are the weakest of these

Question 12

Which of the following types of chemical bonds is the Weakest?

Answer 12

Van der Waals forces are the weakest of these

Question 13

A chemical that can bind with a protein to form a new complex is a

Answer 13

A ligand is any chemical that can bind with a protein to form another complex.

Question 14

Typically, it is a signal triggering molecule that binds with a target protein.

Answer 14

Ligand

Question 15

Determining the safety margin of a drug requires that you know data about the effective dose of the drug and

Answer 15

the lethal dose

Question 16

Determining the safety margin of a drug

Answer 16

If you take the LD1, which is the dose of the drug that is lethal in 1% of the population and subtract the ED99, which is the effective dose in 99% of the population, and then divide it by the ED99 times 100, you get the safety margin of the drug.

Question 17

An antagonist has affinity for a receptor but lacks

Answer 17

Efficacy

Question 18

Efficacy refers to the Antagonist

Answer 18

ability of a drug to produce the conformational change in the receptor necessary to elicit a tissue response.

Question 19

A drug that has an affinity for a receptor but lacks efficacy is an a

Answer 19

Antagonist

Question 20

Drug has both affinity and efficacy.

Answer 20

Agonist

Question 21

can bind with the receptor and has some efficacy, but it cannot elicit the maximal tissue response.

Answer 21

Partial agonist

Question 22

can bind with the receptor, but results in the opposite reaction of an agonist.

Answer 22

An inverse agonist

Question 23

A drug that binds to a receptor and activates it is referred to as

Answer 23

Agonist

Question 24

Characteristics of G-protein receptors include: (select four)

Answer 24

modulation of ligand channels
activation of adenylyl cyclase
inhibition of adenylyl cyclase
activation of phospholipase C

Question 25

Which of the following molecular binding forces is the weakest?

Answer 25

Van de waars

Question 26

Reaction of reversible with this bonding

Answer 26

Van de waars

Question 27

The ability of a drug to bind with a receptor to form a stable complex is referred to as the drug’s

Answer 27

Affinity

Question 28

Efficacy refers to the

Answer 28

dose-response curve produced by the binding of the opioid to an opioid receptor.

Question 29

Potency refers to the

Answer 29

relative dose of a drug that is required to produce the effect and is closely associated with the affinity of the drug for the receptor.