2nd part Flashcards
First term used to refer to Filipinos
Indios
What did Villalobos call the archipelago
Felipinas
Who used the term FILIPINO to refer to the natives in the island
Chirino
in ___ , the ___ used Filipinos to call themselves( those who took arms against the colonizers)
1896, Natives
This term was introduced by the American colonizers
Philippines
past cultures/remains that complies to academic standards
Archaeological materials
Archaeological materials need to go through _____
Historical inference
2 kinds of Historical inference
Perceptive deduction, Interpretative Analysis
Assessment of artifacts’ cultural attributes
Hisotrical Inference
Hisotrical Inference, Cultural use/significance of the artifact
Perceptive Deduction
Hisotrical Inference, Cultural values represented in the artifact
Interpretative Analysis
2 Dating methods
Traditional, Modern
___ dictates ecology
geology
The total system of interrelated elements in the surroundings of a group of people
Ecology
Major components of ecology
natural/physical habitat,
Social & cultural systems
1,500 mya, Simple life forms became recognizable
-Living things appeared, unicellular organisms
Archeozoic/
925 - 505 mya, Early life forms abounded on earth
-Abundant living organisms
Proterozoic
two parts of Pre-cambrian era
Archeozoic, Proterozoic
505 to 205 mya, have fossil evidences of ancient plant and animal life
- age of reptiles
Paleozoic
205 - 75 mya, 1st primates appeared, birds, etc
Mesozoic
75 to 1mya, where the most important materials on the evolution of man & culture are found
Cenozoic
Cenozoic is divided into 2 parts:
Tertiary, Quaternary
Period when mammals, including primates became dominant. Age of mammals
Tertiary Period
brought about by land uplift and the readical changes to climate other ecological conditions favoring mammalian adaptation
Tertiary Period
Shrank in size due to uplift, part of which is now known as Mediterranean Sea
Tethys sea
Age of Modern Man
Quaternary
Basic land structure of the PH was defined during
Tertiary Period
Land formation of the Philippines had ___ as base (extrusive & intrusive)
Igneous rocks
North: Cagayan - ___
Formosa
West: palawan - ____
Borneo
South: Mindanao - ____
Celebes & New Guinea
flattening of crustal surface of existing higher grounds
Period of Subsidence
Epoch
Turbulent evolutionary process in flora, fauna, & man
Pleistocene Epoch
extensive and continuous rain
Fluvial Phase
(pleistocene epoch) Biogeographical Lines: ___ & ___ as demarcations between ecological niches
Wallace, Weber
Nature of the Environment,
- Adaptation process & cultural developments
Flora. Fauna, & Climatic conditions
Nature of the Environment,
- Basic materials for economic sustenance, protection from elements,
selection of settlement sites, structuring of social organizations,
formation of belief patterns
Flora. Fauna, & Climatic conditions
characterized by periodic monsoon rains which promoted forest growth that could sustain animal inhabitants
Climate
“unbroken forest”
Flora
Java man is also called
Pithecantropus erectus
Java man discovered by ___ in ____
Eugene Dubois, 1891
Large cranial capacity, thick skull, receding forehead, protruding eyebrow ridges, power of speechdue to erect posture
Java Man
No protruding eyebrows, higher Forehead
Peking Man
Tabon Man was discovered by
Robert Fox, 1962
Uses tools and fire, has opposable thumbs
Tabon Man
___ has become a social process
Learning
Collective as well as individual articulation of behavior in the social activities & in the material achievements of people who live in a hroup known as a society
Tradition
Two trend of peopling
Gradual Human Evolution of Inhabitants,
Groups of immigration
By Willhelm Sulheim, Nusa meaning South, tao meaning man
Nusantao Maritime Trading and Communication Network (NMTCN)
Out of Taiwan Hypothesis by ___
Peter Bellwood