2E - Health, Fitness and Well being

Question 1

Define obesity

Answer 1

Describe people with high fat content, caused by imbalance in calories consumed and those expended through activity. Can be also a BMI over 30.

Question 2

What is a calorie?

Answer 2

A unit of measurement for heat or energy production in the body and is obtained from the food we eat.

Question 3

What is an energy balance?

Answer 3

Energy in = Energy out, body weight will stay the same.

Question 4

What is a positive energy balance?

Answer 4

Energy in is more than energy out, body weight will increase - result in obesity/becoming overweight.

Question 5

What is a negative energy balance?

Answer 5

Energy in is less than energy out. Body weight will decrease - energy expenditure will be higher than taken in through food.

Question 6

What is the average calorie intake required per day for male/female?

Answer 6

• 2500 - Male

- 2000 - Female

Question 7

What is the definition of a balanced diet?

Answer 7

A diet that contains the right quantity of food so you can only expend as much calories you consume each day.

Question 8

What 7 things make up a balanced diet?

Answer 8

• Carbohydrates
• Fat
• Protein
• Vitamins
• Minerals
• Fibre
• Water

Question 9

Definition of Nutrition

Answer 9

Process of consuming the food your body needs in a well-balanced diet.

Question 10

What is the difference between a simple and complex CHO?

Answer 10

Simple = raise blood glucose levels quickly i.e. sugar, sweets, fruit juice / Complex = releases energy slowly and more evenly – i.e. vegetables, bread, pasta etc.

Question 11

What is the percentage of:
- Carbohydrates
- Fat
- Protein
In a balanced diet?

Answer 11

Carbs - 55-60%
Fat - 25-30%
Protein - 15-20%

Question 12

What is the purpose of fat in your diet?

Answer 12

Provide more energy per gram than CHO but can only be used for aerobic activity.

Question 13

What is the purpose of protein in the body?

Answer 13

For the growth and repair of muscle / tissues in the body.

Question 14

What is the purpose of carbohydrates?

Answer 14

Main source of energy for all types/intensities of exercise.

Question 15

What are vitamins and minerals? Use?

Answer 15

Vitamins are organic substances and minerals are inorganic substances. They are needed in small quantities but are essential for body system to function efficiently and ensure general health.

Question 16

Definition of ‘Hydration’

Answer 16

Having enough water in the body to enable it to function properly.

Question 17

Define ‘Dehydration’

Answer 17

Excessive loss of water from the body, interrupting normal function of body.

Question 18

Define ‘Rehydration’

Answer 18

Consuming water to restore hydration.

Question 19

What percentage of the human body is made up of water?

Answer 19

60%

Question 20

How is water taken in and lost?

Answer 20

Water is taken in through food and drink.

Water is lost through sweat, urine, faeces.

Question 21

What does dehydration result in?

Answer 21

Blood thickening - becomes more viscous, slows speed of blow flow.
Increase in HR, Body temp, muscle fatigue and nausea.
Decrease in reaction time.

Question 22

What are the factors of calorie intake? (Acronym)

Answer 22

HAGEE
Height - Taller require more calories, larger skeleton.
Age - Younger (U25) need more (older use fat)
Gender - Men require more, larger skeleton/muscle mass.
Energy Expended - More exercise you do, more calories you need.

Question 23

What are the benefits from maintaining a level of fitness?

Answer 23

• Lower risk of illness/injury/mental health
• Loss/ sustaining of weight
• Self-discipline, improve self-esteem.

Question 24

Define ‘Fitness’

Answer 24

The ability to meet, or cope with, the demands of the environment.

Question 25

What are the consequences of living a sedentary life?

Answer 25

• Increase risk of: Heart disease, diabetes, (mental) health problems, weight, poor sleeping patterns.
• Reduce life expectancy and self-esteem.

Question 26

How can you improve health and fitness in everyday life?

Answer 26

• Choose physical activity option over easy way e.g walk instead of drive.
• Eat healthier/ balanced diet.

Question 27

How can obesity be worked out?

Answer 27

Obesity = Weight (Kg)/Height x height (m)

Question 28

How does obesity affect your body?

Answer 28

Decrease in: Stamina, flexibility, speed, agility, power.

Question 29

Define ‘Health’

Answer 29

A complete state of physical, social and mental well being and not merely the absence of disease.

Question 30

What is Physical health & well being?

Answer 30

All body systems are working well, free from illness and injury and able to carry out everyday tasks.

Question 31

What is Mental health & well being?

Answer 31

A person realises their potential, can cope with normal stresses of life, can work productively and make contribution to their community.

Question 32

What is Social health & well being?

Answer 32

Having basic human needs met and active socially - experiencing little stress in social situations, having friends and a support network.

Question 33

Define Somatotypes?

Answer 33

a method of classifying body types. There are 3 distinct somatotypes: Ectomorph, Mesomorph, Endomorph.

Question 34

What is an ‘Ectomorph’?

Answer 34

• Tall and thin, narrow shoulders, narrow hips.
• Lighter frame - more suited to endurance (marathon running).
• Lower muscle mass and body fat percentage.

Question 35

What is an ‘Endomorph’?

Answer 35

• Pear-shaped body
• Tenderness towards fatness (high body fat %)
• Wider hips/narrow shoulders.
• Harder for opponents to move (good for rugby prop/sumo wrestling)

Question 36

What is a ‘Mesomorph’?

Answer 36

• Muscular endurance - wide shoulders/narrow hips.
• High muscle mass/low body fat %
• Excel in speed, power, agility and strength.
• (Good 100m sprinter/Swimmer)