1D - Movement Analysis

Question 1

What is the Fulcrum?

Answer 1

The fixed point/axis.

Question 2

What is the Load?

Answer 2

Weight or resistance the lever must move (from gravity).

Question 3

What is the Effort?

Answer 3

The force required to move the load (referred to as ‘force’)

Question 4

What does a 1st class lever look like?

Answer 4

Fulcrum in the middle, load and effort either side.

Question 5

What does a 2nd class lever look like?

Answer 5

Load in the middle, Effort and fulcrum either side.

Question 6

What does a 3rd class lever look like?

Answer 6

Effort in the middle, fulcrum and load either side.

Question 7

Define Mechanical advantage

Answer 7

Measures the efficiency of a lever. This can be high or low.

Question 8

Define Load arm

Answer 8

The distance from the load to the fulcrum.

Question 9

What is a high mechanical advantage?

Answer 9

Can move large loads with low effort. Happens when effort arm is longer than load arm.

Question 10

What is a low mechanical advantage?

Answer 10

Cannot lift heavy loads even with same amount of effort as a 2nd class lever. Happens when load arm is longer than effort arm.

Question 11

What is the mechanical advantages of 1st, 2nd, 3rd levers?

Answer 11

1st - Have a high M.A if fulcrum is closer to the load. Have low M.A if fulcrum is closer to effort.
2nd - Always have high M.A i.e like a wheelbarrow.
3rd - Always have low M.A but can produce larger range of movement with lower effort.

Question 12

1 2 3 =

Answer 12

F L E

Question 13

What is a plane?

Answer 13

An imaginary line that splits the body in two.

Question 14

What is an Axis?

Answer 14

An imaginary straight line/pole around which the body rotates.

Question 15

What is the Frontal Plane?

Answer 15

Divides the body into front and back halves-sideways movement. e.g Cartwheel/sidesteps

Question 16

What is the Transverse plane?

Answer 16

Divides body in half horizontally- Rotational movement e.g 360 degrees spin.

Question 17

What is the Sagittal Plane?

Answer 17

Runs forwards and backwards and divides body into left and right halves- Forwards and back movement e.g. somersault.

Question 18

What is the Sagittal Axis?

Answer 18

Runs horizontally through body, back to front through belly- Sideways movement e.g Cartwheel

Question 19

What is the Transverse Axis?

Answer 19

Runs horizontally throughout the body from left to right through hips- Rotational movement e.g Sommersault.

Question 20

What is the Longitudinal Axis?

Answer 20

Runs through body, head to toe- Forwards and back movement e.g 360 degree spin.

Question 21

How can mechanical advantage be worked out?

Answer 21

Mechanical advantage = effort arm ÷ resistance arm

Question 22

What is a Lever?

Answer 22

A rigid bar that turns around an axis to cause movement.

Question 23

Define Effort arm

Answer 23

The distance from the effort to the fulcrum.

Question 24

Example of 1st class lever?

Answer 24

Elbow Extension

Question 25

Example of 2nd class lever?

Answer 25

Ball of Foot

Question 26

Example of 3rd class lever?

Answer 26

All other joint systems