2C - Evolution

Question 1

Microevolution

Answer 1

Microevolution refers to small changes over short periods of time within a population

Question 2

Macroevolution

Answer 2

Macroevolution refers to larger changes over a much longer time scale. Macroevolution can result in speciation or the emergence of new species.

Question 3

What evolves?individuals or populations?

Answer 3

populations

Question 4

Speciation

Answer 4

evolution of new species over time

Question 5

Gradualism

Answer 5

species desended from a common ancestor and gradually diverge more and more in morphology as they acquire unique adaptions

basically: they transform into a new species

Question 6

Punctuated equilibrium

Answer 6

periods of stasis interrupted by SUDDEN sudden periods of speciation

Question 7

Reproductive isolation

Answer 7

the existence of biological barriers that impede members of two species from producing viable, fertile offspring`

Question 8

Pre-zygotic prosses

Answer 8

before gametes (egg and sperm) of individuals come into contact’

like biological barriers
mating dances
difference geological habitat
not fitting

Question 9

post-zygotic prosses

Answer 9

after mating has occured

infertile
dying before they can reproduce
dying in the womb`

Question 10

Habitat isolatoin

Answer 10

Two species can live in the same geographic areas but not the same habitat

will never encounter each other = no mating

Question 11

Behavioral isolation

Answer 11

some species use certain signals or types of behaviour to attract mates. wont be able to mate if bad

Question 12

how can speciation be confirmed

Answer 12

if groups come back into contact and cant breed

Question 13

where do mutations need to appear in if it is going to be passed onto children

Answer 13

sperm and egg/ gametes