2B Flashcards
What does HIC stand for?
Higher income country
What does NEE stand for?
Newly emerging economy
What does LIC stand for?
Lower income country
Give 4 factors which influence development:
Access to healthcare
Literacy rate of adults
Employment rate and job security
Work-life balance
Preparation of natural disasters
How happy/content people are with their lives
Average Wealth/Income
How do Food and Water Security have an impact on Development?
1) Women and Children spend 140million hours a day collecting water.
2) In 2015, almost 800 million people in the world did not have
enough food to lead a healthy, active life.
3) At any one time, ½ of the world’s hospital beds are occupied by patients suffering from water borne diseases such as Cholera
4) 750 million people around the world lack access to safe water –
approximately 1 in 9. Most of these live in rural areas.
What is the difference between GDP and GDP per Capita?
GDP per Capita is the GDP divided by the total population
What is GDP?
GDP (Gross Domestic Product) is the total value of goods and services produced within a country per year.
What is HDI?
HDI is a score out of 1.0 calculated for each country based on life expectancy, years in education, and income.
Why is using HDI as a measure of development more reliable?
It takes many things into account, such as health and education (not just wealth).
The highest GDP per capita is found in N____ A______, much of E_____, N__ Z______ and A________, oil-rich states in the M_____ East and a_______ Asian economies such as Japan, South Korea, Hong Kong and Singapore.
North America
Europe
New Zealand
Australia
Middle East
advanced Asian
What is the Gini Coefficient?
The Gini Coefficient is used to show the extent of income inequality within a country.
What does GDHI stand for?
Gross Disposable Household Income
What does GDHI (Gross Disposable Household Income) mean?
The amount of money left to spend after tax, rent/ mortgage, bills etc. per head in the UK.
Briefly describe the distribution of GCHI in the UK:
Top 2/3 of England and Wales are lower than bottom 1/3.
Scotland is more.
Northern Ireland less
Give at least 4/6 of the impacts of uneven development
Access to housing
Health
Education
Employment
Technology
Food & water scarcity
What does FDI stand for?
Foreign Direct Investment
What is FDI (Foreign Direct Investment)?
When a company invests in a company in a different country and therefore has some control over what that company does.
What is Debt Relief?
Giving money to relieve countries of debt.
Reducing the amount of money a country owns.
What is Fair Trade?
Trade where producers receive better prices, conditions, and investments.
Takes up just 1% of total world trade.
What is International Aid?
Where a country voluntarily transfers resources to another - can be a vital income for many lower developed countries and those in emergencies.
What is trade?
Exchange of goods.
What does NGO stand for?
Non-governmental organsiation
What is a top-down strategy?
Large-scale projects that aim at national-level or regional-level development.
More expensive.
More sophisticated technology.
Development happens through the actions of governments and TNCs.
What is a bottom-up strategy?
Local-scale projects that aim to benefit a village or small group of communities.
Cheaper, but still usually funded by the community.
Appropriate technology that local people can learn to operate and repair.
Development happens through actions of NGOs working with communities.
What does TNC stand for?
Transnational Corporations
Give a pro and con of bottom-up strategies:
Pro) Targets specific needs of individual people (eg. supplying clean water from a well which would improve health and crop yields).
Con) The promotion of development is limited because governments in developing countries rely on the work of charities/ MGOs to develop solutions.
Name 2 primary jobs
Farming
Mining
Name 2 secondary jobs
Factory
Nuclear powerstations
Mechanics
Name 2 tertiary jobs
Teaching
Transport
Office
Call centre
University lecturer
Restaurant
Name 2 quaternary jobs
IT
Scientist
What is the order of different job sectors
Tertiary -> Primary -> Secondary -> Quaternary
What is outsourcing?
Hiring a party outside a company to perform services or create goods that were traditionally performed in-house by the company’s own employees and staff.
