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Yr 12 VET Health > 27. Homeostasis > Flashcards

27. Homeostasis Flashcards

1
Q

**

What is homeostasis?

A

The condition of a relatively stable internal environment, maintained within narrow limits, in the face of external change.

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2
Q

What is the condition of a relatively stable internal environment, maintained within narrow limits, in the face of external change.

A

Homeostasis

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3
Q

What is the prefix for “above normal”

A

Hyper

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4
Q

What is the prefix for “below normal”

A

Hypo

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5
Q

What does NAD mean?

A

No abnormalities detected

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6
Q

What is the abbreviation for no abnormalities detected

A

NAD

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7
Q

What is the abbreviation for within normal limits?

A

WNL

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8
Q

What does WNL mean?

A

Within normal limits

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9
Q

What is a key term when discussing how systems maintain homeostasis?

A

Regulate

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10
Q

What does the term regulate mean?

A

To make changes to ensure things are within normal limits

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11
Q

What is meant by negative feedback loop?

A

The response to stimulus is in the OPPOSITE direction

eg. is something is increasing, the reaction will be to decrease

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12
Q

Would you shiver or sweat in response to hyperthermia and why?

A

sweat - to decrease body temp

sweat = heat loss via evaporation

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13
Q

Would you shiver or sweat in response to hyporthermia and why?

A

shiver - to increase body temp

Shiver = heat generation via movement

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14
Q

Would you experience vasodilation or vasoconstriction to the organs in response to hyperthermia and why?

A

Vasoconstriction - as blood needs to be redirected to the skin to cool down

heat loss to skin via radiation

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15
Q

Would you experience vasodilation or vasoconstriction to the skin in response to hypothermia and why?

A

Vasoconstriction - as blood needs to be redirected to the organs to maintain heat

heat loss to skin via radiation

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16
Q

Would you experience vasodilation or vasoconstriction to the skin in response to hyperthermia and why?

A

Vasodilation - as blood needs to be redirected to the skin to cool down

heat loss to skin via radiation

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17
Q

Would you experience vasodilation or vasoconstriction to the organs in response to hyporthermia and why?

A

Vasodilation - as blood needs to be redirected to the organs to maintain heat

heat loss to skin via radiation

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18
Q

Do you exeprience pilo erection during hyperthermia or hypothermia?

A

Hypothermia - hairs on skin erect to trap heat

heat loss via radiation

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19
Q

Is insulin or glucagon released in response to hyperglycaemia and why?

A

Insulin - increases blood glucose uptake as glycogen into cells

decreases BGL

20
Q

Is insulin or glucagon released in response to hypoglycaemia and why?

A

Glucagon - as it breaks down stored glycogen into blood glucose

increases BGL

21
Q

Does ADH release increase or decrease in response to low blood volume and why?

A

increase - to increase water absorption into the blood increasing blood volume

22
Q

Does ANP release increase or decrease in response to high blood volume and why?

A

increase - to decrease salt and water absorption into the blood decreasing blood volume

23
Q

Does aldosterone release increase or decrease in response to low blood volume and why?

A

increase - to increase salt and water absorption into the blood increasing blood volume

24
Q

Does high blood volume lead to high or lower blood pressure?

A

High

25
Q

Does low blood volume lead to high or lower blood pressure?

A

lower

26
Q

What is the most potent way to regulate blood ph?

A

Buffer system

regulation within the blood

27
Q

Which system is the buffer system part of?

A

Cardiovascular

28
Q

How does the respiratory system help regulate ph?

A

Through respiratory rate

CO2 removed through expiration

29
Q

How does the urinary system help regulate ph?

A

Through secretion in the nephron/kidney/urine formation

H+ions removed from urine in distal tubule

30
Q

What is the name of the sensory receptor for temperature?

A

thermoreceptor/s

31
Q

What is the name of the sensory receptor for blood pressure?

A

baroreceptor/s

32
Q

where can we find thermoreceptors?

A

in the skin, in the hypothalamus

33
Q

where do we find baroreceptors?

A

in the carotid arteries and the Aorta

34
Q

What is the name of the sensory receptor for fluid balance/blood volume?

A

osmoreceptors

35
Q

where do we find osmoreceptors?

A

Hypothalamus

36
Q

Would you experience vasodilation or vasoconstriction in response to hypertension and why?

A

vasodilation to increase diameter of lumen, to reduce pressure on artery walls (reduce artery wall stretch) thereby reducing BP

37
Q

Would you experience vasodilation or vasoconstriction in response to hypotension and why?

A

vasoconstriction to decrease diameter of lumen, to increase pressure on artery walls (increase artery wall stretch), thereby increasing BP.

38
Q

Does Cardiac Output (Q) increase or decrease in response to hypertension? Why?

A

Cardiac output would decrease to reduce artery wall stretch/ reduce BP

38
Q

Does Cardiac Output (Q) increase or decrease in response to hypotension? Why?

A

Cardiac output would increase to increase artery wall stretch/ increase BP.

39
Q

How do we calculate Cardiac Output?

A

Stroke Volume (SV) x HR

40
Q

To increase Q (cardiac output) do HR and SV increase or decrease?

A

both increase

41
Q

To decrease Q (cardiac output) do HR and SV increase or decrease?

A

both decrease

42
Q

If a pt is experiencing acidosis (low blood pH), will RR increase or decrease? Why?

A

increase to increase amount of CO2 being expired/removed from blood

43
Q

If a pt is experiencing alkalosis (high blood pH), will RR increase or decrease? Why?

A

decrease to reduce amount of CO2 being expired/removed from blood

44
Q

If a pt is experiencing acidosis (low blood pH), will the buffer system remove more or less Hydrogen (H+) ions?

A

will remove more.

45
Q

If a pt is experiencing acidosis (low blood pH), will the urinary system remove more or less Hydrogen (H+) ions in the secretion stage of urine formation?

A

will secrete more H+ ions from the blood into the urine to be excreted

Yr 12 VET Health (37 decks)

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