15a. Immune system Flashcards

1
Q

What are leukocytes

A

White blood cells

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2
Q

General term for a range of specialised white blood cells that respond to antigens

A

Lymphoctyes

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3
Q

What are lymphoctyes

A

General term for a range of specialised white blood cells that respond to antigens

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4
Q

What are T cells that contain lethal chemicals that destroy foreign, infected and altered cells (ie cancerous/virus-infected cells)

A

Cytotoxic T cells

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5
Q

What are cytotoxic T cells

A

T cells that contain lethal chemicals that destroy foreign, infected and altered cells (ie cancerous/virus-infected cells)

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6
Q

What are phagocytic cell which engulfs and destroys pathogen (second line of defence)
 acts as an antigen presenting cell in the specific immune response

A

Macrophage

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7
Q

What are macrophages

A

Phagocytic cell which engulfs and destroys pathogen (second line of defence)
 acts as an antigen presenting cell in the specific immune response

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8
Q

What type of immunity is it when antibodies are produced WITHIN the person

A

Active immunity

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9
Q

What is active immunity

A

Antibodies are produced WITHIN the person

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10
Q

What is passive immunity

A

Antibodies are produced outside of the body INTRODUCED into the body

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11
Q

What type of immunity is it when antibodies are produced outside of the body INTRODUCED into the body

A

Passive immunity

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12
Q

What are cells that give long term memory of specific antigen and long lived called

A

B memory cells

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13
Q

What are B memory cells

A

Cells that give long term memory of specific antigen and long lived

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14
Q

Describe the first line of defence

A

non specific/innate
Includes intact skin, mucous membrane and chemical (tears) and microbial barriers that prevent entry of pathogens into the body

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15
Q

What line of defence is non specific/innate
Includes intact skin, mucous membrane and chemical (tears) and microbial barriers that prevent entry of pathogens into the body

A

First line of defence

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16
Q

Describe the 2nd line of defence

A

non specific/innate
Inflammation –> histamine released causing vasodilation and increased leakiness of WBC and plasma to trap pathogen
Phagocytosis –> phagoctyes engulf and destroy pathogen

17
Q

What line of defence is non specific/innate
Inflammation –> histamine released causing vasodilation and increased leakiness of WBC and plasma to trap pathogen
Phagocytosis –> phagoctyes engulf and destroy pathogen

A

2nd line of defence

18
Q

Describe the 3rd line of defence

A

Adaptive/specific immune response
B and T cells are able to detect and recognise the specific antigens
B - Plasma cells produce antibodies which can detect and destroy the specific antigen.
Cytotoxic T cells release cytotoxins which kill the invading pathogen.
Memory B and T cells remain in the circulation allowing for a faster and stronger response on secondary exposure to the same antigen, hence providing immunity against the disease.

19
Q

What line of defence is adaptive/specific immune response
B and T cells are able to detect and recognise the specific antigens
B - Plasma cells produce antibodies which can detect and destroy the specific antigen.
Cytotoxic T cells release cytotoxins which kill the invading pathogen.
Memory B and T cells remain in the circulation allowing for a faster and stronger response on secondary exposure to the same antigen, hence providing immunity against the disease.

A

3rd line of defence