26. pathological mucus production Flashcards
mucus appearance
- homogenous
- transparent
- attracts large amounts of water
- jelly like or stringy semi solid or fludic material
mucus chemical composition
- glycoproteins
- proteoglycans
proteoglycans in mucus
- neutral and acidic glycosaminoglycans, GAGs syn mucopolysaccharides
- proteins attaching to GAGs
classification of mucus substances
- according to origin
- according to appearance
classification according to origin
- epithelial
- connective tissue
classification according to appearance
- intracellular
- extracellular
mucus of epithelial origin
- partly from mucous glands
- partly from goblet cells - mainly neutral mucopolysaccharides
mucuous of epithelial origin physiological functions
- lubrication
- protection from drying out
- chemical-microbiological barrier
- stomach, GI tract, airways
special cases of hypersecretion
- mucin granules
- mucoele
- mucinous cystadenoma
- carcinoma gelatinosum
- COPD/RAO
- as response to infections
infections that might cause hypersecretion
- swine dysentery
- mucoid enteropathy, enzootic rabbit enteropathy
swine dysentery what is it
- mucohaemorrhagic necrofibrinous colitis and typhlitis c
- mucus of large intestines as strong chemoattractant for the pathogen
- invading mucin droplets in goblet cells
- stimulating cells for mucin oversecretion
- colonises and proliferates in the thickened mucus layer
- later on supf layer necrotises
why does it necrotise on the superficial layer
bc of metabolites and toxins produced by pathogen
mucin substances of connective tissue origin
- mostly acidic mucopolysaccharides
- hyaluronic acid and chondroitin-sulfate
- bound to proteins
normal location of mucin substances of connective tissue origin
- ECM of connective tissue
- subintimal layers of vasculature and heart, ECM of bones and joints
where might you find an extra amount of mucoid present
- umbilical cord, whartons jelly
- comb of chicks
- estrous and delivery
reasons for increased production of mucin of CT origin
- hypothyrosis
- exogenous hyperestogenism
- mucinosis
reasons for decreased degradation of mucin of CT origin
enzymeopathies of genetic origin - mucopolysaccharides
explain what happens with hypothyreosis
- relative hyaluronic acid overproduction
- amount of chondroitin sulfate decr
- incr water binding capacity
- decr excretion of NaCL and water
- -> myxoedema
explain what happens with exogenous hyperestogenism
- zearlenon toxicosis
- incr proteoglycans in interstitium
- swine» other species
what mucinosis
hereditary cutaneous hyaluronosis
mucinosis in chinese shar-ei dogs
- skin consists of large amount of mucin
- some breeding lines - extra amount of hyaluronic acid - genetic background
macroscopically how does mucinosis look
stringy fluid exudes freely when skin folds punctured
microscopically how does mucinosis look
fine acidophilic filaments and granules deforming the normal fialmentou structure of interstitium
what are mucopolysaccharidoses
defects of mucopolysaccharide metabolism
