2.6 Evidence-Based Psychology Flashcards
outline the historical movement steps towards CBT (4)
- psychoanalysis: importance of unconscious thoughts, feelings
- behaviour therapy: behaviour modifications based on conditioning
- cognitive therapy, CBT: identify + challenge dysfunctional cognitions
- MBSR, MBCT, ACT: metacognitive shifts, mindfulness injected into CBT –> emphasising acceptance rather than change
define CBT and what it is, thoughts, feelings and behaviours within this
latent core negative beliefs guide self-understanding, which generates negative assumptions and negative automatic thoughts. CBT intercepts these to change
* dominant model today
* thoughts: words you tell yourself, internal dialogue
* emotions: how you feel
* behaviours: what you do
define core beliefs and assumptions
fundamental beliefs about the self based in childhood
how long does CBT take typically, what does it focus on?
- 3-6 months
- pathologises mental illness, focusing on symptoms
- goal-directed, short-term therapy
what does the third wave of CBT encompass?
embracing a wider range of approahces from humanistic, existantial, spiritual traditions
* acceptance commitment therapy eg
* changed from WHAT you think to HOW you think
* moving away from deficit/disorder model, towards holistic wellbeing within their values
explain acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)
form of CBT aiming to maximise potential for rich, meaningful life
* teaches mindfulness skills
* helping clarify what someone wants out of life, values, use this to guide/motivate to change life for better
- focused on observing thoughts w/o attaching judgement/meaning
explain dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT)
dialectic = synthesising opposites/contradictions - in this case that means acceptance and change
goals!
* ACCEPTING oneself and current life/situation/circumstances
* CHANGING behaviours causing suffering
4 core skills
* acceptance: of mindfulness, distress tolerance
* change skills: interpersonal effectiveness, emotion regulation
outline the ‘levels of evidence’ concepts for evidence-based therapy
different therapies are placed into tier lists based on how well they have been trialled/performed for different illnesses
* level 1 = have undergone meta-analysis or systematic review of level 2 studies
* level 2 = randomised controlled trial
