Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

RD Polytechnic Year 2 Semester 2 > 252 Pharmacology - Consolidated List of Drugs > Flashcards

252 Pharmacology - Consolidated List of Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Erythropoiesis-stimulating drugs (2)

A
  • epoetin alfa
  • darbepoetin

(Chapter 55: anemia drugs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Oral iron (3)

A
  • ferrous fumarate
  • ferrous gluconate
  • ferrous sulphate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Parenteral iron (3)

A
  • iron dextran
  • iron sucrose
  • ferric gluconate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Drug for pernicious anemia.

A

Cyanocobalamin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Anticholinergic drug, antiemetic

A

scopolamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

antihistamine drug, H1 receptor blocker, antiemetic/antinausea

A
  • diphenhydrinate (Gravol)
  • diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

antidopaminergic drug, antiemetic/antinausea

A

prochlorperazine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Neurokinin receptor antagonist, antiemetic/antinausea

A

aprepitant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

prokinetic drug, antiemetic/antinausea

A

metoclopramide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Serotonin blocker, antiemetic/antinausea

A

odansetron (Zofran)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Tetrahydrocannabinoid, antiemetic/antinausea

A

medical marijuana

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Miscellaneous antinausea drugs

A
  • Doxylamine succinate
  • Pyridoxine hydrochloride
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Herbal product, antinausea

A

ginger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Non-HIV antivirals (6)

A
  • amantadine hydrochloride (only against influenza A)
  • acyclovir (suppresses replication of HSV-1, HSV-2, and VZV)
  • ganciclovir hydrochloride (treats infections caused by CMV - cytomegalovirus)
  • oseltamivir phosphate (Tamiflu) (prophylactic and active for influenza A & B)
  • zanamivir (ONLY for active)
  • Ribavirin (treatment of Hep C and hospitalized infants with RSV)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

List the classes of antiretrovirals (6)

A
  • nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI)
  • non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI)
  • protease inhibitors
  • fusion inhibitors
  • entry inhibitor-CCR5
  • Integrase inhibitor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) (4)

A
  • zidovudine
  • didanosine
  • lamivudine
  • tenofir
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Protease inhibitor (1)

A

indinavir sulphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

fusion inhibitor

A

enfuvirtide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

entry inhibitor-CCR5

A

maraviroc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

integrase inhibitors

A

raltegravir potassium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Crystalloids (7)

A
  • Normal saline: 0.9% sodium chloride (isotonic); 0.45% is hypotonic
  • 3.3% dextrose and 0.3% NS (two thirds and one third)(isotonic)
  • Hypertonic saline (3% sodium chloride)
  • Lactated Ringer’s solution (isotonic)
  • Dextrose 5% in water (D5W)(isotonic)
  • D5W and 0.45% NS (hypertonic)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Colloids

A
  • Albumin 5% and 25% (from human donors)
  • Dextran 40 or 70 (available in sodium chloride and 5% dextrose)
  • Hetastarch (synthetic)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

List the treatments for hyperkalemia.

A
  • IV sodium bicarbonate
  • Sodium polystyrene sulphonate (Kayexalate)
  • Hemodialysis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

List the treatments for sodium depletion.

A
  • Oral sodium chloride
  • IV NS or Lactated Ringer’s solution
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is involved in triple therapy for H. pylori treatment?
* 7-14 day course of proton pump inhibitor and the antibiotics clarithromycin and either amoxicillin or metronidazole
26
What is included in the quadruple therapy for H. pylori?
* PPI * bismuth subsalicylate * tetracycline * metronidazole
27
List the various antacids and antiflatulents (7)
* simethicone * magnesium (avoid in pts with renal failure) * calcium * sodium bicarbonate * aluminum hydroxide * combo aluminum and magnesium * magnesium and mineral oil
28
List 2 H2 receptor antagonists
* ranitidine * famotidine
29
List 3 proton pump inhibitors
* lansoprazole * omeprazole * pantoprazole
30
List 2 cytoprotective, miscellaneous acid-controlling drugs
* sucralfate * misoprostol
31
What are the classifications of antifungals?
* Triazoles * Imidazoles * Polyenes * Echinocandins
32
List 2 triazole antifungals.
* fluconazole * voriconazole
33
List 1 echinocandin.
Caspofungin
34
List 1 imidazole.
ketoconazole
35
List 2 polyenes
amphotericin B, nystatin
36
List the 4 first-line antitubercular drugs.
* rifampin * isoniazid * pyrazinamide * ethambutol
37
List second line drugs for the treatment of tuberculosis (3).
* amikacin sulphate * levofloxacin hemihydrate * moxifloxacin hydrochloride
38
List two other tuberculosis-related injections.
* purified protein derivative (PPD)(Mantoux) - this is a diagnostic injection * Bacille Calmette-Guerin
39
What drug classifications are included in sedative-hypnotics?
* barbiturates * benzodiazepines * non-benzodiazepines
40
List three benzodiazepines and their length of action (e.g., short, intermediate, long).
* diazepam (long-acting) * lorazepam (intermediate-acting) * midazolam (short-acting)
41
Name one non-benzo sedative-hypnotic,
zopiclone (short-acting, benzodiazepine-like drug)
42
List one barbiturate
phenobarbital (Long-acting)
43
List 3 OTC hypnotics.
* doxylamine succinate (Unisom-2) * diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Sleep - Eze) * acetaminophen/diphenhydramine (Extra Strength Tylenol/Nighttime)
44
List 2 muscle relaxants.
* baclofen * cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride
45
What drug classes (3) are associated with ADHD and narcolepsy?
* amphetamines * nonamphetamine stimulants * Nonstimulant drugs
46
List 2 amphetamine drugs.
* methylphenidate (Ritalin) * amphetamine aspartate (Adderall)
47
List one nonamphetamine stimulant.
modafenil
48
name one nonstimulant drug for ADHD and narcolepsy.
atomoxetine
49
List one anorexiant
orlistat
50
What class of drugs are used for migraines and name one.
serotonin agonists (also called triptans) sumatriptan (Imitrex)
51
List one analeptic.
caffeine
52
List three anxiolytic drugs
* alprazolam * diazepam * lorazepam
53
List three mood-stabilizing drugs.
* lithium carbonate * lithium citrate * benzodiazepines and antipsychotic drugs may be used in combo with lithium
54
What are two first generation antidepressants?
* tricyclics * MAOIs
55
What are two classes of second generation antidepressants?
* SSRI * Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)
56
List one tricyclic antidepressant.
amitryptyline (also used to treat insomnia and neuropathic pain)
57
what drug class does buproprion belong to?
second generation antidepressant (also used to treat smoking cessation)
58
List one SNRI
duloxetine hydrochloride (Cymbalta)
59
List one SRRI
fluoxetine (Prozac)
60
What is a first generation antipsychotic?
phonethiazines (haloperidol)
61
List two atypical antipsychotics
* clozapine * resperidone
62
What herbal product is sometimes used for mental health?
St. John's Wort
63
What are five classes of substances that are commonly misused?
* opioids * stimulants * depressants * alcohol * nicotine
64
What three drugs are used for opioid drug withdrawal?
* naltrexone * methylnaltrexone bromide (injectable form of naltrexone) * naloxone (for overdose)
65
What class do amphetamines, cocaine, methamphetamine, and methylenedioxymethamphetamine belong to?
stimulants
66
What are four substances misused that fall into the depressant class of drugs?
* benzodiazepines * barbiturates * marihuana * flunitrazepam (Rohypnol) - not legally available in Canada)
67
What benzodiazepine is commonly given as part of an alcohol withdrawal protocol?
diazepam
68
What are some options for nicotine withdrawal treatment?
* nicotine transdermal system (patch); more effective than gum, but may cause rash) * Nicotine polacrilex (gum) * inhalers * nasal spray * buprprion hydrochloride * Varenicline tartrate
69
What drug class does diclofenac sodium, indomethacin sulindac, and ketorolac belong to?
acetic acid derivatives
70
What class of drug is celecoxib?
COX-2 inhibitors
71
What are the different classes of anti-inflammatory drugs?
* Salicylates * Acetic acid derivatives * COX-2 inhibitors * Enolic acid derivatives * Propionic acid derivatives * Other - misoprostol
72
What class of drugs do ibuprofen and naproxen belong to?
propionic acid derivatives
73
List three antigout drugs.
* allopurinol * colchicine * probenecid
74
What two herbal products may be used as anti-inflammatories?
glucosamine and chondroitin
75
What class of drug des hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone, and prednisolone belong to?
glucocorticoids
76
What drug class does fludrocortisone 21-acetate belong to?
mineralcorticoids
77
What drug class does ketoconazole belong to?
adrenal steroid inhibitor
78
What are the 6 classes of diuretics?
* carbonic anhydrase inhibitors * loop diuretics * osmotic diuretics * potassium-sparing diuretics (aka aldosterone inhibiting diuretics) * thiazide diuretics * thiazide-like diuretics
79
What kind of diuretic is acetazolamide?
carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
80
What kind of diuretic is is furosemide?
Loop
81
What kind of diuretic is mannitol?
osmotic diuretic
82
What kind of diuretic is spironolactone?
potassium-sparing
83
What type of diuretic is hydrochlorothizide?
thiazide
84
What are 3 classes of antianginal drugs?
* nitrates and nitrites * beta blockers * calcium channel blockers
85
Which two calcium channels blockers may be used to treat angina?
amlodipine and diltiazem
86
What two beta blockers may be used to treat angina?
atenolol and metoprolol
87
What routes may be used for the administration of nitroglycerine that bypass the liver and the first pass effect?
* IV solutions * transdermal patches * translingual sprays
88
What classes of drugs may be used to treat heart failure?
* ACE-inhibitors * Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) * Beta clockers * Aldosterone antagonists * Miscellaneous (dobutamine hydrochloride) * Phosphodiesterase inhibitors (inodilators = inotropics and dilators) * Cardiac glycosides (beware of bran, ginseng, hawthorn, licorice, St. John's wort) * Digoxin
89
What drug class does lisinopril belong to?
ACE-inhibitors
90
What drug class does valsartan belong to?
ARBs
91
What drug class does metoprolol belong to?
Beta blockers
92
What drug class does spironolactone belong to?
aldosterone antagonist
93
What drug class does milrinone belong to?
phosphodiesterase inhibitors
94
What drug class does digoxin belong to?
cardiac glycosides
95
What drug classes are used as anti-epileptic drugs?
* Barbiturates * hydantoins * Iminostilbenes * Succinimide * Miscellaneous
96
What drug class do phenobarbital and primidone belong to?
barbiturates; used an anti-epileptic
97
What drug class does phenytoin sodium (Dilantin) belong to?
hydantoins
98
What drug class does carbamazepine belong to?
Iminostilbenes; anti-epileptic
99
What drug class does ethosuximide belong to?
Succinimide; anti-epileptic
100
What miscellaneous drugs are used to treat epilepsy?
* gabapentin * lamotrigine * valproic acid * levetiracetam * pregabalin
101
List 5 vasoactive adrenergics.
* dobutamine hydrochloride * dopamine hydrochloride * epinephrine hydrochloride * norepinephrine betartrate * phenylephrine hydrochloride
102
What are the three catecholamines?
* norepinephrine * epinephrine * dopamine
103
List two alpha blockers.
* phentolamine mesylate * tamsulosin
104
List 6 beta blockers.
* carvedilol (reduces mortality) (non selective beta blocker, an alpha 1 blocker, and possibly a calcium channel blocker and antioxidant) * labetalol (non-selective) * atenolol (cardioselective) * esmolol (cardioselective) * propranolol (non-selective) * metoprolol (cardioselective) (reduces mortality)
105
List 3 direct-acting cholinergic drugs
* pilocarpine * bethanechol * succinylcholine
106
List three indirect-acting cholinergic drugs.
* donepezil * pyridostigmine * edrophonium
107
What are two natural plan alkaloids that act as cholinergic-blocking drugs?
* atropine sulphate * scopolamine hydrobromide
108
What are three synthetic and semisynthetic cholinergic-blocking drugs?
* glycopyrrolate * oxybutynin * tolterodine

RD Polytechnic Year 2 Semester 2 (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions