252 Pharmacology Antifungal Drugs

Question 1

What are characteristics of yeasts?

Answer 1

• Single-cell fungi
• Reproduce by budding
• Can be used for:
  
  • Baking breads
  • Brewing alcoholic beverages

Question 2

What are characteristics of moulds?

Answer 2

• Multicellular
• Characterized by long, branching filaments called hyphae

Question 3

What are the four general types of mycotic infections?

Answer 3

• Cutaneous
• Subcutaneous
• Superficial
• Systemic
  
  • Can be life threatening
  • Usually occur in immunocompromised host

Question 4

When might colonization by Candida albicans occur?

Answer 4

• May follow antibiotic therapy, antineoplastics,
  or immunosuppressants (corticosteroids)
• May result in overgrowth and systemic infections
• Growth in the mouth is called thrush or oral candidiasis.
• Common in newborn infants and immunocompromised patients

Question 5

1. ________ is commonly used to treat vaginal candida infections.

Answer 5

nystatin

Question 6

The nurse notices white thick coating on a newborn’s tongue and white spots on the palate. The nurse can anticipate that_________ will be prescribed and that the dosing and frequency is _____________.

Answer 6

nystatin, PO 100 000 units oral suspension, TID or BID

Question 7

1. The nurse is preparing to administer Amphotericin B to her patient with a severe systemic fungal infection. The nurse knows that ____, __________,_____, ____, need to be checked prior to delivery of this medication.

Answer 7

• kidney function studies, liver function tests

Question 8

1. The nurse also knows that ______, __________, _________ and ______ should be administered prior to the delivery of Amphotericin B as per the care provider’s orders to avoid the “shake and bake” syndrome.

Answer 8

antipyretics, antihistamines, antiemetics, and corticosteroids

Question 9

1. The nurse is now infusing the Amphotericin B and knows that VS will need to be checked every_______ during the infusion.

Answer 9

15-30 minutes

Question 10

1. Fungi that cause integumentary infections are known as_____________.

Answer 10

dermatophytes

Question 11

1. _________________passes into the cerebrospinal fluid and inhibits the growth of cryptococcal fungi; effective in the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis

Answer 11

flucanozole