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Vision Science I > 25 Temporal Lobe & Language > Flashcards

25 Temporal Lobe & Language Flashcards

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1
Q

A multimodal visual syndrome where things look larger is…

A

Macropsia

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2
Q

A multimodal visual syndrome where things look smaller is…

A

Micropsia

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3
Q

(T/F) Pelopsia is a multimodal visual syndrome where things look further then they really are.

A

False - they are nearer

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4
Q

(T/F) Teleopsia is a multimodal visual syndrome where things look further then they really are.

A

True

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5
Q

A problem associated with RH damage where people have a hard time recognizing faces is known as…

A

Prosopagnosia

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6
Q

A problem associated LH damage where you recognize their face but cannot remember there name is known as…

A

Alexia

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7
Q

Which 2 tracts are affected in prosopagnosia?

A

ILF, IFOF

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8
Q

(T/F) Inferotemporal damage impairs pattern recognition.

A

True

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9
Q

Retrograde Amnesia – means…

A

you cannot remember things of the past

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10
Q

Antrograde amnesia – means…

A

you cannot learn new things

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11
Q

What happens when there is damage to the hippocampus?

A

The person would not be able to form new memories.

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12
Q

(T/F) The man (Klive) in the video was a sever case of antrograde amnesia because he had bilateral damage to both hemispheres.

A

True

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13
Q

Congenital amusia is a neuropsychiatric disorder where people are…

A

Tone deaf

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14
Q

Name the 4 things that make up human language via words.

A

PhonemesMorephemesSyntaxDiscourse

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15
Q

How is language involve co-evolution?

A

neural systems require both the production and reception of the words/language

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16
Q

The rate words change as new dialects is?

A

14% per 1000yrs

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17
Q

When did language begin?

A

It is estimated to have began when everyone spoke same language 100K years ago.

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18
Q

Based on genetic studies, how many different migrations took place out of Africa?

A

3

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19
Q

What are the three brain language structures?

A

Primary auditory cortexBroca’s areaPrimary motor system

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20
Q

Pure word deafness:a) Can read, write, and speak normallyb) Are unable to repeat words they don’t understandc) Can’t understand spoken wordsd) Are unable to discriminate consonants but can distinguish vowels e) All of the above

A

e) All of the above

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21
Q

(T/F) Neanderthal man could voice consonants but not vowels because they have a high larynx in their throat.

A

True

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22
Q

What happens if Wernicke’s area is damaged?

A

The person will have language comprehension problems

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23
Q

Transcoritcal sensory aphasia is a language disorder with what symptoms:

A

Fluent spontaneous speech but poor comprehension

24
Q

Which is not true of Word Meaning Deafness:a) Can’t distinguish word from non-wordb) Can’t understand what a word means but can repeat and write itc) Copes by writing down what was said and then reads it

A

a) Can distinguish word from non-word

25
Q

Name the four areas of the temporal lobe?

A
  1. Primary auditory cortex2.Secondary auditory cortex also called associative cortical cortex3. Median gyrus4. Inferior temporal area
26
Q

Damage to the primary auditory cortex will result in ———

A

Cortical deafness

27
Q

Which area of the temporal lobe is involved in language?

A

Associative cortical cortex

28
Q

Damage to the inferior temporal cortex would affect the amygdala, hippocampus and the cortex areas around the hippocampus thus disrupting ————- and —————

A

Memory, Personality

29
Q

List at least three functions of the temporal lobe?

A
  1. Personality and emotion2.Lexical memory3.Language comprejension
30
Q

What are the functions of the left hemisphere?

A

Left hemisphere is responsible for verbal memory, speech, speech comprehension, and speech produciton

31
Q

What are the functions of the Right hemisphere?

A

RIght hemisphere is responsible for facial expressions, visual pattern recognition, music, and prosody

32
Q

An individual having a stroke in the primary temporal lobe will have a hard time processing any kind of sounds. (True or False)

A

True

33
Q

The associative cortex gets its oxygen supply from ——————- artery?

A

Middle cerebral artery

34
Q

Why does an individual experience language disorder after a stroke?

A

Since the majority of strokes occurs in the middle cerebral artery which is the oxygen supplier of associative cortex, a clot in that artery would cut the oxygen supply to the associative cortex which is responsible for language thus leading to language disorder

35
Q

A stroke patient reports that “everyone speaks very fast”. What could we conclude in regards to the location of the stroke based on the patient’s complaint?

A

We can conclude that the patient had a stroke in their left hemisphere.

36
Q

Define a formant?

A

Formant is the initial spectral peak of the sound spectrum

37
Q

What is the typical length of formants in our language?

A

40 ms

38
Q

Will An individual who had a stroke in the Left hemisphere be able to differentiate Bah from Dah?

A

No, because the cortex will be struggling to distinguish the early formants transitions and pick out those little consonant sounds from the “ah” that follows.

39
Q

Damage to the Right hemisphere will affect ——————–a) visual acuityb) Balancec) music perceptiond) Depth perception

A

C) Music perception

40
Q

what condition has trouble pronouncing a new word?

A

auditory phonological agnosia

41
Q

in which condition is the person able to read aloud and write but has trouble pronouncing new words?

A

auditory phonological agnosia

42
Q

semantic anomia is using word substitutions that shows evidence of selection problems. True or false?

A

true

43
Q

name the two types of anomia.

A

a. semantic anomiab. selection anomia

44
Q

neologisms is a symptom of wernicke’s aphasia neologistic jargonphasia. true or false

A

true

45
Q

a patient with wernicke’s aphasia neologistic jargonphasia can read, sort words by meaning and knows their sentences are nonsense

A

false

46
Q

which condition involves making semantic errors when reading and not being able to read nonwords?

A

deep aphasia

47
Q

repetition of abstract words is more difficult in deep aphasia. true or false

A

true

48
Q

what are signs of broca’s aphasia?

A

a. grammatical errors in speechb. telegraphic patternc. comprehension syntax problems

49
Q

in broca’s aphasia a telegraphic pattern involves having trouble with both noun and verb. true or false

A

true

50
Q

in conduction aphasia damage to the brain occurs in what areas?

A

in the arcuate fasiculus that connects wernicke and broca’s area.

51
Q

a patient with what type of aphasia understands what they hear but cant repeat it?

A

conduction aphasia

52
Q

prosody area is typically found only in the right hemisphere. true of false

A

true

53
Q

stress patterns on syllables, pauses, and affective expression are signs of damage in prosody skills? true or false

A

true

54
Q

the patient in the video on slide 29 had damage to what part of the brain and which process did it affect?

A

damage in the left hemisphere which processes language

55
Q

the video showed how damage in wernicke’s area can lead to problems in hearing and understanding what someone has just told you. true or false

A

true

Vision Science I (26 decks)

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