25 Temporal Lobe & Language Flashcards
A multimodal visual syndrome where things look larger is…
Macropsia
A multimodal visual syndrome where things look smaller is…
Micropsia
(T/F) Pelopsia is a multimodal visual syndrome where things look further then they really are.
False - they are nearer
(T/F) Teleopsia is a multimodal visual syndrome where things look further then they really are.
True
A problem associated with RH damage where people have a hard time recognizing faces is known as…
Prosopagnosia
A problem associated LH damage where you recognize their face but cannot remember there name is known as…
Alexia
Which 2 tracts are affected in prosopagnosia?
ILF, IFOF
(T/F) Inferotemporal damage impairs pattern recognition.
True
Retrograde Amnesia – means…
you cannot remember things of the past
Antrograde amnesia – means…
you cannot learn new things
What happens when there is damage to the hippocampus?
The person would not be able to form new memories.
(T/F) The man (Klive) in the video was a sever case of antrograde amnesia because he had bilateral damage to both hemispheres.
True
Congenital amusia is a neuropsychiatric disorder where people are…
Tone deaf
Name the 4 things that make up human language via words.
PhonemesMorephemesSyntaxDiscourse
How is language involve co-evolution?
neural systems require both the production and reception of the words/language
The rate words change as new dialects is?
14% per 1000yrs
When did language begin?
It is estimated to have began when everyone spoke same language 100K years ago.
Based on genetic studies, how many different migrations took place out of Africa?
3
What are the three brain language structures?
Primary auditory cortexBroca’s areaPrimary motor system
Pure word deafness:a) Can read, write, and speak normallyb) Are unable to repeat words they don’t understandc) Can’t understand spoken wordsd) Are unable to discriminate consonants but can distinguish vowels e) All of the above
e) All of the above
(T/F) Neanderthal man could voice consonants but not vowels because they have a high larynx in their throat.
True
What happens if Wernicke’s area is damaged?
The person will have language comprehension problems
Transcoritcal sensory aphasia is a language disorder with what symptoms:
Fluent spontaneous speech but poor comprehension
Which is not true of Word Meaning Deafness:a) Can’t distinguish word from non-wordb) Can’t understand what a word means but can repeat and write itc) Copes by writing down what was said and then reads it
a) Can distinguish word from non-word
Name the four areas of the temporal lobe?
- Primary auditory cortex2.Secondary auditory cortex also called associative cortical cortex3. Median gyrus4. Inferior temporal area
Damage to the primary auditory cortex will result in ———
Cortical deafness
Which area of the temporal lobe is involved in language?
Associative cortical cortex
Damage to the inferior temporal cortex would affect the amygdala, hippocampus and the cortex areas around the hippocampus thus disrupting ————- and —————
Memory, Personality
List at least three functions of the temporal lobe?
- Personality and emotion2.Lexical memory3.Language comprejension
What are the functions of the left hemisphere?
Left hemisphere is responsible for verbal memory, speech, speech comprehension, and speech produciton
What are the functions of the Right hemisphere?
RIght hemisphere is responsible for facial expressions, visual pattern recognition, music, and prosody
An individual having a stroke in the primary temporal lobe will have a hard time processing any kind of sounds. (True or False)
True
The associative cortex gets its oxygen supply from ——————- artery?
Middle cerebral artery
Why does an individual experience language disorder after a stroke?
Since the majority of strokes occurs in the middle cerebral artery which is the oxygen supplier of associative cortex, a clot in that artery would cut the oxygen supply to the associative cortex which is responsible for language thus leading to language disorder
A stroke patient reports that “everyone speaks very fast”. What could we conclude in regards to the location of the stroke based on the patient’s complaint?
We can conclude that the patient had a stroke in their left hemisphere.
Define a formant?
Formant is the initial spectral peak of the sound spectrum
What is the typical length of formants in our language?
40 ms
Will An individual who had a stroke in the Left hemisphere be able to differentiate Bah from Dah?
No, because the cortex will be struggling to distinguish the early formants transitions and pick out those little consonant sounds from the “ah” that follows.
Damage to the Right hemisphere will affect ——————–a) visual acuityb) Balancec) music perceptiond) Depth perception
C) Music perception
what condition has trouble pronouncing a new word?
auditory phonological agnosia
in which condition is the person able to read aloud and write but has trouble pronouncing new words?
auditory phonological agnosia
semantic anomia is using word substitutions that shows evidence of selection problems. True or false?
true
name the two types of anomia.
a. semantic anomiab. selection anomia
neologisms is a symptom of wernicke’s aphasia neologistic jargonphasia. true or false
true
a patient with wernicke’s aphasia neologistic jargonphasia can read, sort words by meaning and knows their sentences are nonsense
false
which condition involves making semantic errors when reading and not being able to read nonwords?
deep aphasia
repetition of abstract words is more difficult in deep aphasia. true or false
true
what are signs of broca’s aphasia?
a. grammatical errors in speechb. telegraphic patternc. comprehension syntax problems
in broca’s aphasia a telegraphic pattern involves having trouble with both noun and verb. true or false
true
in conduction aphasia damage to the brain occurs in what areas?
in the arcuate fasiculus that connects wernicke and broca’s area.
a patient with what type of aphasia understands what they hear but cant repeat it?
conduction aphasia
prosody area is typically found only in the right hemisphere. true of false
true
stress patterns on syllables, pauses, and affective expression are signs of damage in prosody skills? true or false
true
the patient in the video on slide 29 had damage to what part of the brain and which process did it affect?
damage in the left hemisphere which processes language
the video showed how damage in wernicke’s area can lead to problems in hearing and understanding what someone has just told you. true or false
true
