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Vision Science I > 07 Retina > Flashcards

07 Retina Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Slide 17

Name the different types of bipolar cells (majority)

A
  • diffuse
  • midget
  • S cone
  • rod
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2
Q

Slide 17/22

True or false. There are two types of midget bipolar cells responding to a single cone either the on cell or off cell. They are located mostly in the fovea.

A

True

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3
Q

Slide 18

.____ bipolar cells might get input from 30-50 ____. This is why night vision is blurry.

A. Rod/rods
B. Midget/rods
C. S cone/rods
D. Rod/ midget
A

A. Rod/Rods

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4
Q

Slide 20

True or False. Midget bipolar cells are intermediate cells that modulate ganglion cells.

A

False: Amacrine bipolar cells

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5
Q

Slide 20

What is the most common amacrine cell?

A

Starburst Amacrine cell

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6
Q

Slide 21

Blue-yellow ganglion cells distinguish different _____

A. shapes
B. wavelengths
C. Visual details

A

B. wavelengths

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7
Q

Slide 21

\_\_\_\_ ganglion cells get input from L and M cones in order to distinguish shape and luminance 
A. Parasol 
B. Midget
C. Blue-Yellow
D. Biplexiform
A

A. Parasol

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8
Q

Slide 7

True or false. More glutamate is released in the dark

A

true

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9
Q

Slide 7

True or false. The disks in rods regenerate and are replaced by outer segment cells.

A

False, they are replace by inner segment cells

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10
Q

Slide 8

True or false. The fovea centralis has the highest number of cones.

A

True

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11
Q

Slide 9

  1. There are _______ as many rods as cones.
    a. 5-10 times
    b. 15-20 times
    c. 30-40 times
    d. 50-60 times
A

b. 15-20 times

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12
Q

Slide 7

  1. The __________________ catches the photons.
    a. Synaptic terminal
    b. Outer segment
    c. Inner segment
    d. Bipolar cells
A

b. Outer segment

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13
Q

Slide 10

  1. True or false. Primates have two cone types but mammals have three.
A

False: primates have three cone types but most mammals have only two

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14
Q

Sldie 11

True or false. There are mechanisms to neutralize signals of L/M cone ratios

A

True

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15
Q

Slide 12

What do cone pedicles couple responses through?

A

Gap junctions

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16
Q

Slide 13

True or false. Horizontal cells are mostly inhibitory.

A

True

17
Q

Slide 13

Horizontal Cells sample activation from _____________

A

A broad area

18
Q

Slide 14

What are the two types of horizontal cells?

A

HI and HII

19
Q

Slide 14

HI cells connect to _____________

A

Rods, L and M cones

20
Q

Slide 15

True or false. HI cells have short arbors.

A

False, HI cells have long arbors

21
Q

Slide 16

What do HII cells connect to?

A

S, L and M cones

22
Q

slide 2

Light penetrates through which section of the retina first?

a) Ganglion cell layer
b) Inner synaptic layer
c) Inner limiting membrane
d) Inner nuclear layer

A

c) Inner limiting membrane

23
Q

Slide 2

Photoreceptors are found in which part of the retina?

A

Outer segment

24
Q

Slide 2

The retina has __________________ sections. Those sections are made of __________________cell layers and __________________ intermediate layers.

a) 5, 2, 3 intermediate layers
b) 5, 3, 2 intermediate layers
c) 5, 3, 3 intermediate layers
d) 5, 4, 3 intermediate layers

A

a) 5, 2, 3 intermediate layers

25
Q

Slide 3

True or false: Rods and cones in outer plexiform layer synapse with horizontal cells.

A

True

26
Q

Slide 4

True or false: photoreceptors respond to light by graded potential and not action potentials

A

True

27
Q

Slide 5

What are the 4 most common ganglion cells in the eye?

a) Large bodied cells, midget cells, stratified cells, parasol cells
b) Midget cells, horizontal cells, parasol cells, amacrine cells
c) parasol cells, bipolar cells, small bodied inner cells, amacrine cells
d) Parasol cells, midget cells, bistratified cell, small bodied inner cells

A

d) Parasol cells, midget cells, bistratified cell, small bodied inner cells

28
Q

Slide 5

Which type of ganglion cell codes for color?

a) Parasol cells
b) Midget cells
c) bistratified cell
d) Small bodied inner cells

A

b) Midget cells

29
Q

Slide 6

True or false: We have approximately 20 times more cones than rods

A

False

Vision Science I (26 decks)

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