02 Cells of NS Flashcards
005-At what magnification are the cell bodies (ie.layers) of the retina first visible?
X100
006-What magnification is required to view a single photoreceptor?
x1000. This is where we typically view structures of the retina
010-In order to view on the molecular level, what magnification should be used?
x10,000,000
012- Which two chemicals are used to preserve tissues for histology?
Formaldehyde and Paraffin
012-Which type of wax do you need to hold the structure of “jello” like tissue together?
Paraffin wax
013-Who showed that neurons were all in one network?
Golgi
014-What structures do the Nissl Stain and Weil Stain show?
Nissl - individual structures, only in the cell bodies, primarily the ER Weil - Myelinated tracts
016-Which neuronal structure is responsible for outputting signals?
Axon
016-Which neuronal structure is responsible for inputting signals?
Dendrites
017-Which neuronal structure has the nucleus, mitochondria, golgi apparatus, ribosomes, and other organelles?
Soma
017-Which ion is high in concentration in the cytosol?
Salty Potassium
016-True or False. Purkinje cell only have 2 branches for retrieving a signal?
False, there are many branches
020-What type of organelle has a function of packaging and transporting ?
Golgi Apparatus
018-Where are DNA, RNA and mRNA located inside the cell?
Within the Nucleus
016-Neurons are capable of reproducing. True of False?
True in the olfactory system & the hippocampus. However, neurons are sensitive if there is a lack of oxygen, they will be non-functional.
021-T/F. An antibody can stain certain parts of the brain.
True; and you can also attach something to Ab to see where it is going in the brain
022-The neuronal membrane has numerous ___________ inside the cell that help transport things from inside the cell to the outside.
channels
023,025,026-Place the following in order of size. (largest to smallest) Microfilaments, Neurofilaments, and microtubules.
Microtubles (20nm); Neurofilaments (10nm); Microfilaments(5nm)
023-Name two functions of the microtubules.
helps hold the axon process together and helps transport materials from the soma to other parts of the cell
024-During Alzhimer’s, which cytoskeleton structure is damaged?
microtubules (slide 24) (Added slide presented in lecture)
025-Name one function of microfilaments.
Microfilaments are a meshwork of proteins that helps hold the wall of the membrane in place
026-T/F. Neurofilaments are a helpful part of the transport system.
True. Are not as helpful as microtubules but are a part of transport system
027-The speed of something moving down the axon varies with the __________.
diameter; think of this like a hose - larger pushes more water (faster).
028-What is the area that separates the axon from the cell body?
axon hillock
029-What are terminal boutons? (hint: they contain neurotransmitters in vesicles?
synaptic endings
030- What is retrograde & anterograde motor?
anterograde: transporting from soma to neurite; retrograde: left over products go from the axon back to the cell body
032-How do dendrites change structure to reinforce the ability to accept neurotransmitters?
forming dendritic spines
033- What is the classification of a long axon length?
Golgi Type I
033-Golgi type II is a classification of what axon length? Short or long?
Short
034-Which neurite is used for sensory systems?
Bipolar
035-Which of these is the glial cell that is most abundant along with being the myelin sheath in the Peripheral Nervous system?
Schwann Cell
039-What is the myelin sheath cell in the spinal cord?
Oligodendrocyte
037-What type of glial cell regulates the chemical compound of the intracellular space?
Astrocyte
038-The gaps between myelin sheath cells are known as?
Node of Ranvier
041-What is ependymal cells?
a type of cell that wraps around ventricles of the brain.
041-What is a type of cell that gathers up and processes neuronal dead tissue?
microglia cell
