2.4 - What is energy and how can it be changed? Flashcards
Energy
The capacity to do work or transfer heat
Work
Work = force * distance
Kinetic Energy
Energy used when matter moves; Moving matter has this because it was mass and velocity
Potential Energy
Stored energy that has not been used yet.
Radiation
The emission of electromagnetic energy
Heat
the total kinetic energy of all moving atoms, ions, or molecules within a given substance.
Electromagnetic Radiation
energy travels in the form of a wave as a result of changes in electric and magnetic fields.
-X rays, gamma rays, ultraviolet radiation
-Visible light have a lower energy count
Methods of transferring heat
Radiation, Conduction, Convection
High-Quality Energy
concentrated and has a high capacity to do useful work.
-High-temperature heat, nuclear fission, sunlight, high winds, etc.
Convection
Movement of heat within liquid and gasses from warmer to cooler portions.
Low-quality energy
dispersed and has little capacity to do useful work.
- Oceans, the atmosphere, etc.
Conduction
The transfer of kinetic energy between substances in contact with another
Energy Quality
a measure of an energy source’s capacity to do useful work.
Thermodynamics
the study of energy transformations.
Law of Conservation of Energy/First Law of Thermodynamics
When energy is converted from one form to another in a physical or chemical change, no energy is created or destroyed.
