2.4 ISBT 001 (ABO typing discrepancies) Flashcards
ABO incompatibility has a weak reaction
T or F
F
Strong reaction
4+
3+
Discrepancy when it comes to reaction in ABO are weak reaction
T or F
T
Group 1 discrepancy has _______ weak or absent reaction
Antibody
Group 1 discrepancy involves problem in __________ typing
Reverse
Group 1 discrepancy is cause from Lack of plasma cell or thymus
T or F
T
Condition involve in Group 1 discrpancy?
Agammaglobulinemia
Hypogammaglobulinemia
Too young or too old
Lymphocytic leukemia Can cause Group 1 Discrepancy
T or F
T
Performing Reverse typing in infants can have reaction in Forward typing and not reverse typing
T or F
T
What is the Remedy for Group 1 discrepancy?
- Check age
- Check patient history
Remedy for Hypogammaglobulinemia in Group 1 Discrepancy?
- Prolonged incubation (15-30 mins)
- Add more serum
- Incubate in cold temp (4 C) since it is IgM
Group 2 discrepancy involves weak or absent?
Antigen
________ typing is the problem cause by Group 2 discrepancy
Forward
Subgroup of A and B can cause what discrepancy?
Group 2
Antibodies to low incidence Antigen
What discrepancy?
Group 2
What is the remedy for Subgroup of A or B discrepancy in Group 2?
Lectins (Dolicus Biflorus)
“Bm” Antigen is an example of what group discrepancy?
Group 2
In acquired B phenomenone, E coli contains __________ that converts N-acetyl-D-galactosamine into D-galactosamine which which the individual may react to Anti __ resulting to ________ (Strong/Weak) reaction
N-acetylase
B
Weak
If the patient has acquired B phenomenon, the results in the saliva has the same result in the blood
T or F
F
Changes in antigen only happens in the blood
Remedy for Acquired B phenomenon?
- Use saliva
Acetic anhydride is a remedy for?
Acquired B phenomenon in Group 2 discrepancy
This use for Reacylation of the surface molecule
Acetic anhydride
Group 3 Discrepancy are ___________ abnormalities
PRotein and Plasma
Inflammation increases Acute phase reactant which has __________ charge causing the RBCs to stack which is known as ________
Positive
Rouleaux formation
Autocontrol uses _________ serum + ________ RBC
Patient
Patient
Remedy for increased globulin content and Fibrinogen, and Plasma expander
- Check for Rouleaux formation
- Wash RBC (For forward typing only)
In autoantibodies, there is no agglutination in the body but there is agglutination when extracted
T or F
T
In autoantibodies, there is rouleax formation
T or F
F
No formation due to ANTIBODIES are the ones that sensitize the RBCs instead of Proteins
What is the group discrepancy for Autoantibodies?
Group 3
Remedy for Autoantibodies?
Warm the sample
What are Group 4 Miscellaneous problems?
Polyagglutination
Antibodies against Acriflavine
Cold Reactive Antibody
Unexpected ABO isoagglutinins
(PAC U)
What group discrepancy is this?
Anti A: 4+
Anti B: 0
KA: 0
KB: 1+
AC: 0
Group 1 discrepancy
What group discrepancy is this?
Anti A: 4+
Anti B: 0
KA: 4+
KB: 4+
AC: 0
Group 2 Discrepancy
A2 / Subgroup of A
What Group discrepancy is this?
Involves Remedy: Lectins such as Dolichus Biflorus
Group 2 (Subgroup A or B)
What group discrepancy is this?
Patient has Kell
Anti A: 4+
Anti B: 4+
KA: 0
KB: 4+
AC: 0
Group 2 Discrepancy (Antibodies to Low incidence Ag due to the reagent has Anti K while the patient has Kell)
What group discrepancy is this?
Patient ate contaminated food resulting to these results
Anti A: 3+
Anti B: 1+
KA: 0
KB: 4+
AC: 0
Group 2 Discrepancy (Acquired B phenomenon)
Remedy for Antibodies to Low incidence Ag
- Check for Reagent
What group discrepancy is this?
Anti A: 4+
Anti B: 4+
KA: 1+
KB: 2+
KO: 2+
AC: 2+
Group 3 Discrepancy
Anti A: 4+
Anti B: 4+
KA: 1+
KB: 2+
KO: 2+
AC: 2+
a. Check for Intestinal Infection
b. Check for patient’s cells
c. Check for patient’s age
b
Anti A: 4+
Anti B: 1+
KA: 0
KB: 4+
KO: 0
AC: 0
a. Check for Intestinal Infection
b. Check for patient’s cells
c. Check for patient’s age
a
Anti A: 4+
Anti B: 4+
KA: 0
KB: 0
KO: 0
AC: 0
a. Check for Intestinal Infection
b. Check for patient’s cells
c. Check for patient’s age
c
