2.3 metabolic rate

Question 1

Metabolic rate definition

Answer 1

The quantity of energy consumed by an organism, over a certain timeframe.

Question 2

Methods of measuring metabolic rate

Answer 2

Respirometer
Calorimeter
Oxygen/carbon dioxide probes

Question 3

What can respirometers measure

Answer 3

Carbon dioxide concentration
Oxygen concentration
Temperature

Question 4

What can calorimeters measure

Answer 4

Temperature

Question 5

Respirometer definition

Answer 5

A piece of biology apparatus used to measure the metabolic rate, using variables such as Temperature, carbon dioxide concentration and oxygen concentration.

Question 6

Calorimeter

Answer 6

A piece of biology apparatus which measures the metabolic rate, an organism is placed in a chamber and made to exercise, as the organism respires it heats up the chamber and the water which is separated from the chamber, which is then compared with water from the start of the process to show metabolic rate.

Question 7

Rules of oxygen efficiency and metabolic rate

Answer 7

As metabolic rate increases the oxygen efficiency increases.

Question 8

Order of metabolic rate

Answer 8

Mammals + birds
Reptiles + amphibians
Fish

Question 9

Types of circulatory system

Answer 9

Single
Complete double
Incomplete double

Question 10

Chambers of the heart

Answer 10

Atrium
Ventricles

Question 11

Atrium

Answer 11

The top chambers of the heart which receive blood from the veins

Question 12

Ventricle

Answer 12

The bottom chambers of the heart which pump blood to the lungs/around the body.

Question 13

Birds and mammals circulatory system

Answer 13

Complete double

Question 14

Fish circulatory system

Answer 14

Single

Question 15

Reptile and amphibian circulatory system

Answer 15

Incomplete double

Question 16

Features of complete double circulatory system

Answer 16

Found in birds and mammals
Highest metabolic rate and oxygen efficiency
4 chambers - atria 2ventricles
Blood enters the heart twice
Contains a septum to separate both sides of the heart and separates oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.

Question 17

Features of incomplete double circulatory system

Answer 17

Found in reptiles and amphibians
Medium oxygen efficiency and metabolic rate
3 chambers 2 atria 1 ventricle
Blood enters heart twice
Doesn’t contain a septum, meaning oxygenated and deoxygenated blood are not kept separate.

Question 18

Features of single circulatory system

Answer 18

Found in fish
Low oxygen efficiency and metabolic rate
2 chambers
Blood enters the heart once
Doesn’t contain a septum and blood in the heart is deoxygenated

Question 19

Reason that the complete double circulatory system has the highest metabolic rate and oxygen efficiency

Answer 19

The septum keeps the oxygenated blood and deoxygenated blood separate so no deoxygenated blood is transported to cells.
The two ventricles working together pump blood at a higher pressure, and pump blood around the body more efficiently.

Question 20

Reasons why incomplete double and single are less oxygen efficient and have a lower metabolic rate.

Answer 20

Due to the lack of a septum the oxygenated and deoxygenated blood are not separate when they enter the ventricle, therefore meaning that some/more deoxygenated blood will be transported around the body.