2.3 Cognitive studies Flashcards
What is your classic cognitive study? (just name it)
Baddeley (1966b)
The influence of acoustic and semantic similarity on long-term memory for word sequences.
What was the aim of your classic cognitive study?
- Baddeley (1966b) -
To investigate the influence of acoustic and semantic word similarity on learning and recall in short-term and long-term memory.
What was the procedure of your classic cognitive study?
- Baddeley (1966b) -
Pps:
- Men + women
- from Applied Psychology Research Unit
- Lab experiment
Four lists of 10 words were used:
A - 10 acoustically similar words
B - 10 acoustically dissimilar words
C - 10 semantically similar words
D - 10 semantically dissimilar words
B+D acted as baseline control groups for A+C
Each list of 10 words were presented via projector as a rate of 1 word every 3 seconds in the correct order.
Pps then required to complete 6 tasks involving memory for digits.
Then asked to recall the word listen 1 minute by writing down the sequence in the correct order.
Not a test of learning but sequence order.
What was the results of your classic cognitive study?
- Baddeley (1966b) -
Recall of acoustically similar words worse than dissimilar words.
Recall of similar and dissimilar words was not statistically significant.
Recalled semantically similar worse than dissimilar.
(on page 127 in the thick blue text book)
What was the conclusions of your classic cognitive study?
- Baddeley (1966b) -
Short-term memory largely acoustic.
Acoustically similar sounding words more difficult to encode.
Long-term memory is largely, but not exclusively, semantic.
Evaluate your classic cognitive study.
- Baddeley (1966b) -
see page 127 in the thick blue text book
What is mundane realism?
The extent to which the test is used in an experiment represents a realistic activity.
What is your contemporary cognitive study? (just name it)
Schmolck et al. (2002)
Semantic knowledge in patient HM and other patients with bilateral medial and lateral temporal lobe lesions.
What is the aim of your contemporary cognitive study?
- Schmolck et al. (2002) -
To investigate the effects of specific brain damage on semantic memory using case studies of brain-damaged patients compared to a control group of ‘normal’ Pps.
To test the relationship between semantic test scores and temporal lobe damage and to determine whether Henry Molaison was unique in the way the brain damage he sustained affected his memory compared to similar damage in other cases.
What is the procedure of your contemporary cognitive study?
- Schmolck et al. (2002) -
Pps:
- 6 with amnesia
- 8 normal control
- Control matched for age (74), sex (male), education (12.4yrs) to the amnesia patients (apart form one female)
- 2 Pps: Hippocampus damage (HF)
- 3 Pps: suffered encephalitis , large medial temporal lobe damage and anterolateral temporal cortex damage (MTL+)
- HM: medial temporal lobe damage , some lateral temporal lobe damage.
- All Pps had suffered bilateral damage to a varying degree.
PROCEDURE:
- 9 tests
- All based on line drawings of 24 animals and 24 objects.
(see page 129 In the thick blue text book for the tests)
What is the findings of your contemporary cognitive study?
- Schmolck et al. (2002) -
see page 129 + 130 In the thick blue text book for the tests
What is the conclusion of your contemporary cognitive study?
- Schmolck et al. (2002) -
see page 130 In the thick blue text book for the tests
Evaluate your contemporary cognitive study.
- Schmolck et al. (2002) -
see page 131 In the thick blue text book for the tests
What is semantic dementia?
A degenerative neurological disorder resulting in loss of semantic memory.
What is an MRI scan?
A brain scan that produces an image of the structure of the brain, a bit like an X-ray but with more detail.
