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MOHD 4.2 > 22 - Positive Strand RNA Viruses (Stapleton) > Flashcards

22 - Positive Strand RNA Viruses (Stapleton) Flashcards

1
Q

+ strand RNA naked viruses

A

picornavirus

calicivirus

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2
Q

+ strand RNA enveloped virus

A

flavivirus
togavirus
retrovirus
coronavirus

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3
Q

picornavirus subgroups

A

rhinovirus-common cold
hep a-GI
enterovirus- GI (poliovirus, coxsackievirus)

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4
Q

lifecycle of picornavirus

A 
attachment
genome released into cytoplasm
cell ribosomes bind genome and make polyprotein
polyprotein is cleaved by viral protease
RDRP creates - strand RNA
RDRP copies - strand to make + strand
caspid assembles
particle released
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5
Q

picornavirus transmission

A

rhinovirus-respiratory droplets, secretions
enterovirus- fecal oral
respiratory

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6
Q

most common cause of URI

A

rhinovirus

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7
Q

rhinovirus

A 
picornavirus
replicate in URT
does no t cause cytopathic effect
weak and short lived immune response
no antiviral or vaccine
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8
Q

poliovirus life cycle

A 
mucosal surface
lymph nodes
viremia
extraneural tissue
retrograde to spinal cord
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9
Q

poliovirus causes

A

poliomyelitis

faccid paralysis

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10
Q

poliovirus treatment/prevention

A 
no antiviral agents
vaccination-3 doses
inactivated (salk)
attenuated (sabin)-not used in u.s.
inactivated doesn't protects against GI infections
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11
Q

non polio enterovirus symptoms

A 
GI
pancreatitis
fever
rash
hand-foot-mouth disease
meningitis
paralysis
URI
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12
Q

hep a virus characteristics

A

picornavirus
highly stable
highly infectious

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13
Q

hep a treatment

A

no treatment but good vaccine

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14
Q

hep a symptoms

A

fecal oral spread, food borne
symptoms start 4 weeks after infection
fever, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, jaundice

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15
Q

jaundice is common in who that have hep a

A

more common in adults

uncommon in

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16
Q

test for hep a

A

high ALT-liver damage

IgM antibodies-acute disease

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17
Q

calicivirus and hep e characteristics

A 
naked
icosahedral
non segmented
very stable
fecal oral
person to person
food borne
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18
Q

norwalk/norwalk like/norovirus

A

world wide
gastroenteritis
difficult to control because of stability
difficult to decontaminate

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19
Q

hep e virus

A

acute
fecal oral transmission
fatal in pregnant women
no treatment, no vaccines

20
Q

flavivididae characteristics

A

icosahedral
+ RNA
enveloped
nonsegmental RNA

21
Q

genera of flaviviridae

A

flavivirus
hepacivirus
pegivirus
pestivirus

22
Q

flavivirus transmission

A

west nile example
amplifying host (insect, mammal)
vector (mosquito)
dead end host (human, horse)

23
Q

dead end host

A

insufficient viremia generated for productive maintenance of virus in population

24
Q

flavivirus causes what

A

hemorrhagic fevers

25
Q

dengue virus

A

flavivirus
dengue fever-break bone disease
dengue hemorrhagic fever/shock syndrome-lethal, following prior dengue infection

26
Q

Arthropod borne

A

arbo
flavivirus
alphavirus

27
Q

hepacivirus

A

flavivirus
Hep C
chronic, slowly progressing
hepatocellular carcinoma

28
Q

testing for hepacivirus

A

serology (antibodies)

if ELISA positive-PCR

29
Q

hepacivirus transmission

A

blood borne
IVDU
exposure to body fluids
sex with IVDU

30
Q

togavirus types

A

rubella

alphavirus

31
Q

togavirus characteristics

A

enveloped
icosahedral
non segmented RNA

32
Q

alphavirus

A

arbovirus
mild-slight fever/headache
severe-encephalitis: headache, fever, coma, tremors, convulsion, death
no antiviral or vaccine

33
Q

rubella

A

togavirus

34
Q

rubella spread

A

respiratory or intrauterine

35
Q

rubella symptoms

A

fever, rash, arthralgia

congenital leads to fetal damage (deafness, blindness, mental retardation, heart disease)

36
Q

rubella treatment

A

no antiviral

MMR vaccine-live attenuated

37
Q

Corona virus characteristics

A 
enveloped 
non segmental
helical
\+ strand RNA
no treatment or vaccine
38
Q

coronavirus strains

A

5 human strains
3 are common cold
2 are SARS and MERS

39
Q

SARS origin

A

Guangdong, China

40
Q

SARS symptoms

A

high mortality
viral pneumonia
fever, cough, SOB, HA, death from lung damage

41
Q

SARS transmission

A

from chinese horseshoe bats

civet cat as intermediate hose

42
Q

MERS transmission

A

from camels

43
Q

acute infections

A

IgM

44
Q

what + RNA have treatments

A

HCV

45
Q

what + RNA have vaccines

A

polio, YFV, HAV_

MOHD 4.2 (13 decks)

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