2.2 Lipids Flashcards
1
Q
Lipid facts
A
- make up 5% of organic matter of a cell
- Energy source and store
- Found in membranes
- insulation
- protection
- Some hormones
2
Q
glycerol components
A
3 carbons in centre
3 OH groups attached to C
3 H groups attached to C
3
Q
fatty acid components
A
- carboxyl group on the end
- hydrocarbon chain
4
Q
Ester Bond
A
-bond formed during condensation reaction of lipids where water is released
(covalent)
5
Q
Triglyceride
A
one glycerol
- 3 fatty acids
- 3 OH groups bonded to 3 fatty acids
-saturated
6
Q
saturated
A
no double bonds between carbon atoms
all the carbons have the maximum number of oxygens attached to them
7
Q
unsaturated
A
double bonds between carbon atoms
-causes chain to kink
8
Q
triglycerides properties
A
- hydrophobic fatty acid tails
- insoluble
9
Q
phospholipids properties
A
- can form 2 layers
- hydrophilic heads (facing outwards
- hydrophobic heads (phosphate group facing inwords)
10
Q
phospholipid
A
- one glycerol
- 2 fatty acids
- a phosphate group
11
Q
cholesterol
A
- hydrocarbon chain
- OH group
- small/flattened shape
- packed close together-membrane less fluid and more rigid
12
Q
function of triglycerides
A
- energy store
- fat-good insulation
13
Q
function of phospholipids
A
- cell membrane
- cell signalling
14
Q
function of cholesterol
A
- cell membrane fluidity
- steroid hormone
15
Q
how the structure of a phospholipid differs from a triglyceride?
A
phospholipids have:
- one less fatty acid and ester bond
- have a phosphate group
- have a hydrophilic head
