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psbedm review > 22 Endocrine Changes in Pregnancy > Flashcards

22 Endocrine Changes in Pregnancy Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior pituitary gland size increases by an average of __% during pregnancy.

A

36%

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2
Q

Enlargement of anterior pituitary gland during pregnancy is primarily caused by increase in size and number of these cells

A

Lactotroph

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3
Q

Lactotroph size and number increases by how much during pregnancy

A

10-fold

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4
Q

Increased / decreased / unchanged during pregnancy:
Height of pituitary gland

A

Increased

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5
Q

Increased / decreased / unchanged during pregnancy:
Convexity of pituitary gland

A

Increased

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6
Q

Increased / decreased / unchanged during pregnancy:
Number of somatotroph

A

Decreased

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7
Q

Increased / decreased / unchanged during pregnancy:
Number of gonadotroph

A

Decreased

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8
Q

Increased / decreased / unchanged during pregnancy:
Number of corticotroph

A

Unchanged

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9
Q

Increased / decreased / unchanged during pregnancy:
Number of thyrotroph

A

Unchanged

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10
Q

Increased / decreased / unchanged during pregnancy:
Size of posterior pituitary

A

Decreased

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11
Q

Mean serum prolactin concentration at term

A

207 ng/mL (range 35-600)

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12
Q

Mean prolactin concentration in nonpregnant premenopausal women

A

10 ng/mL

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13
Q

Prolactin in amniotic fluid appears to be primarily from

A

Decidua

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14
Q

Amniotic fluid prolactin levels are how many times higher than in maternal circulation in early pregnancy

A

10-100x

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15
Q

Serum prolactin levels return to baseline approximately how long after delivery in the absence of breastfeeding

A

7 days

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16
Q

With suckling, prolactin levels rise within how many minutes

A

30 minutes

17
Q

Most common pituitary tumor diagnosed during pregnancy

A

Prolactinoma

18
Q

Dopamine agonist used in treating prolactinoma in pregnancy

A

Bromocriptine

19
Q

Indications for transsphenoidal resection of prolactinoma during pregnancy (2)

A

Rapid tumor growth
Persistence of symptoms despite bromocriptine treatment

20
Q

Increased / decreased / unchanged during pregnancy:
Growth hormone levels in maternal serum

A

Unchanged

21
Q

Apart from estrogens, this hormone secreted by the corpus luteum stimulate GH secretion during early pregnancy

A

Relaxin

22
Q

Pituitary GH secretion decrease after week __ of pregnancy

A

Week 25

23
Q

Pituitary GH is known as GH1 or:

A

hGH-N

24
Q

These cells secrete hGH-V beginning in the 4th month of gestation

A

Placental syncytiotrophoblasts

25
Q

Placental syncytiotrophoblasts secrete hGH-V beginning this month of gestation

A

4th month of gestation

26
Q

Increased / decreased / unchanged :
GH response to insulin hypoglycemia or arginine infusion in the 1st half of gestation

A

Increased

27
Q

Increased / decreased / unchanged:
GH response to insulin hypoglycemia or arginine infusion in the 2nd half of gestation

A

Decreased

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