2.1.1: Atomic structure and isotopes Flashcards
What is the charge of a proton?
1+
What is the charge of an electron?
1-
Which particle has the same mass as proton?
neutron
What does the atomic number tell about an element?
number of protons
How to calculate the number of neutrons?
mass number-atomic number
Define isotope
Atoms of the same element with different
number of neutrons and different mass numbers
How to calculate mass number?
the number of protons + neutrons in an atom.
Why does different isotopes of the same element react in the same way?
neutrons have no impact on the chemical reactivity, reactions involve electrons, isotopes have the same number of electrons in the same arrangement
What are ions?
a charged particle that is formed when an
atom loses or gains electrons
Define relative atomic mass
The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared with one twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon -12
Define relative isotopic mass
The mass of an atom of an isotope compared with one twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12
The relative isotopic mass is same as which number?
mass number
What are the uses of mass spectrometry?
identify unknown compounds, find relative abundance of each isotope of an element, determine structural information
How does a mass spectrometer work?
the sample is made into positive ions.
they pass through the apparatus and are
separated according to mass to charge ratio.
a computer analyses the data and produces
mass spectrum.
