2.1- Developmental Assessment- Reflex Testing Flashcards
Flexor Withdrawal: 28 weeks - 2 months
Stimulus? Response?
Stimulus: Pinprick to bottom of foot, supine or standing
Response: Toes extend, ankle dorsiflexes, leg flexes
Crossed Extension: 28 weeks - 2 months
Stimulus? Response?
Stimulus: Pinprick to ball of foot, supine, leg extended
Response: Opposite LE flexes, then adducts and extends
Traction: 28 weeks - 5 months
Stimulus? Response?
Stimulus: Grasp forearms and pull up from supine to sitting
Response: Flexion of UE
Moro: 28 weeks - 5 months
Stimulus? Response?
S: Drop backward from sitting
R: Extension and abduction of UE’s and crying, then flex and adduct UE’s
Startle: Birth - persists
Stimulus? Response?
S: Sudden loud noise
R: Extension or abduction UE’s, crying
Grasp (palmer): Birth - 4-6 months
Stimulus? Response?
S: Sustained pressure to palm of hand
R: Flexion of fingers is maintained
Grasp (planter): 28 weeks - 9 months
Stimulus? Response?
S: Sustained pressure to ball of foot under toes
R: Flexion of toes is maintained
Asymmetrical tonic neck (ATNR): Birth - 4-6 months
Stimulus? Response?
S: Rotate head to one side
R: Flexion of skull limbs; extension of face limbs
Symmetrical tonic neck (STNR): Birth - 4-6 months
Stimulus? Response?
S: Flexion or extension of head
R: Head flexed gives flexion of arms, extension of legs; Head extended makes arms extend and legs flex
Symmetrical tonic labyrinthine (STLR): Birth - 6 months
Stimulus? Response?
S: Supine or prone
R: Supine, all limbs flex
Prone, all limbs extend
Positive Supporting: Birth - 6 months
Stimulus? Response?
S: Contact to ball of foot in upright standing
R: Rigid extension of LE’s (co-contraction)
Neck righting action on body (NOB): 4-6 months - 5 years
Stimulus? Response?
S: Passively turn head to side, supine
R: Body rotates to align body
Body righting action on body (BOB): 4-6 months - 5 years
Stimulus? Response?
S: Passively rotate trunk segment, supine
R: All trunk rotates to align body
Labyrinthine head right (LR): Birth - 2 months
Stimulus? Response?
S: Occlude vision and tip body in all directions
R: Head orients to vertical
Optical righting (OR): Birth - 2 months
Stimulus? Response?
S: Tip body in all directions
R: Head orients to vertical
Protective extension (PE): 4-6 months (arms); 6-9 months (legs); persists
Stimulus? Response?
S: Displace COG outside the base of support
R: Arms or legs extend and abduct to protect baby from falling
Equilibrium reactions- tilting (ER): 6 months - persists
Stimulus? Response?
S: Displace COG by tilting or moving surface
R: Trunk curves toward the upward side with extension and abduction of extremities on that side and extension on downward side
Equilibrium reactions- postural fixation: 6 months - persists
Stimulus? Response?
S: Apply force to body to alter COG’s relation to the base of support
R: Trunk curves toward force; limbs extend and abduct on the side on which force applied
What is APGAR?
screening test administered to newborn at 1, 5, and 10 minutes after birth
What does the APGAR screen test assess?
heart rate, respiration, reflex irritability, muscle tone, color with each scored 0, 1, 2
*score of 7 or above is good
What is the Neurological examination of the newborn?
- assigns states of consciousness
* tests newborn reflexes
Eye blink: permanent (disappearance)
Stimulus? Response?
S: bright light shined at eyes or hand clap near head
R: quick closing of eyelids
Function: protection from strong stimulation
Babinski: 8 to 12 months (disappearance)
Stimulus? Response?
S: stroke sole of foot from toe to heel
R: Toes fan out and curl as foot twists in
Function: unknown
Rooting: 3 weeks (disappearance); becomes voluntary head turn at 3 weeks
Stimulus? Response?
S: Stroke cheek near corner of mouth
R: Head turns toward source of stimulation
Function: helps infant find the nipple
Sucking: Permanent (disappearance)
Stimulus? Response?
S: place finger in infant’s mouth
R: rhythmic sucking of finger
Function: permits feeding
Stepping: 2 months (disappearance)
Stimulus? Response?
S: hold infant under arms and permit bare feet to touch a flat surface
R: infant lifts one foot after another in a stepping response
Function: prepares infant for voluntary walking
Tonic neck: 4 months (disappearance)
Stimulus? Response?
S: turn baby’s head to one side while lying awake on back
R: infant lies in a “fencing position”: one arm is extended in front of eyes on side to which head is turned, other arm is flexed
Function: may prepare infant for voluntary reaching
