2.1 Cell Division Flashcards
Where are chromosomes in cells
Nuceleus
Shat do chromosomes carry
The genes that contain instructions for making both new cells and all tissues and rogans needed to make a person
What is a gene
A short section of DNA that codes for a protein and as a resuly controls characteristic-there fore each chromosome carries many genes
How many genes are there in each cell of your body
23 pairs of chromosomes
How many chromsomes do you in herit from mather and afther
46 chromosomes in total in each cell
How many chromosoomes are there in gametes
There are half the number of chromosomes which results in 23 chromosomes in total in each gamete cell
The 3 stages of cell cycle
Interphase,mitosis and cytokenisis
What is cell cycle
A series of steps that the cell has to undergo in order to divide
What ic cell division needed for
Produces the addition cells needed for growth and development in multicellular organisms,and of the replacement of worn or damaged cells
What is the longest stage in cell cycle
Stage 1-interphase takes the longest
What happens in stage 1 and name of cell cycle
Interphase-longest stage of cell cycle. The cell grows,organelles such as ribosome and mitochondria grow and increase in number,the synthesis kf proteins occurs. DNA is replicated (forming X characteristic shape) and energy stores are increased
What happens in stage 2 of cell cycle and name
Mitsosis-the replicated chromosomes line up at centre of cell.
-spindle fibres contract and pull chromosomes get pulled to opposite poles
-nucleus divides
What happens in stage 3 of cell cycle and name
Cytokensis- two identical daughter cells form when the cytoplasm and cell membrane divides
Product of mitosis
2 identical daughter cells
