2015 pt. 1 Flashcards
Difference between ameloblast and odontoblast
Ameloblast: Lays down enamel
Odontoblast: Lays down dentin
What makes a stem cell a stem cell?
Pleuripotent and ability to self-replicate
In other words, be able to self-renew and differntiate into at least 3 different cell types
T/F
Prostaglandins inhibit tooth movement.
They make pain fibers less likely to fire
False (Promote tooth movement)
False (More likely to fire)
T/F
Thyroxine and parathyroid hormone decrease/have inhibitory effect on rate of tooth movement
False. Promote tooth movement
Decreased bone loss in presence of active perio disease is due to what?
The inflammatory response prevents osteoblast activity and only osteoclasts are active
Why is there a greater break down of bone in patients with gingival inflammation?
a. Osteoporosis
b. Higher prostaglandin levels
c. Higher phosphatase levels
b. Higher prostaglandin levels
During orthodontic tooth movement, which of the following cells are not present in the hyalinized zone?
a. Cementoblasts
b. PMN’s
c. Macrophages
d. Fibroblasts
e. Osteoclasts
Osteoclasts
T/F
Osteoclasts are from hematogenous origin
Osteoblasts from mesenchyme
True
True
Which of the following doesn’t affect gingival response and fibroblasts?
Neocytokine
T/F
PDL regenerates twice as much as gingiva
False, same turnover
Which of the following does not increase during tooth movement
a. IL-1
b. Interferon gamma
c. TNF-beta
d. Neocytokine
Neocytokine
Does not increase and therefore not involved in gingival response or found in gingival turnover
Which gingival fibers are responsible for orthodontic relapse
Supracrestal
T/F
Collagen fibers in the PDL are inelastic
True
Tongue comes from which branchial arch?
1st and 3rd
2nd arch atrophies
At what week in embryo does the tongue form?
4 weeks
What does the lateral nasal process form?
The alae of the nose
What processes make up the primary palate
Maxillary and Medial nasal processes
What processes make up the secondary palate?
Outgrowth of maxillary process –> palatal process
The median nasal process forms what structures?
Intermaxillary segment -->philtrum of upper lip Primary palate (with maxillary process)
The maxillary process forms what structures?
Cheeks, Lateral aspects of upper lip
Primary palate & Secondary palate
Failure of closure of what processes causes cleft palate?
Maxillary and medial nasal processes
A study found that pregnant women supplemented with 0.4 mg of folic acid displayed what percentage decrease in occurrence of cleft lip/palate?
20-35% (20-50% or 33%)
Primary palate forms at what week in embryo
6-9 weeks
Frontonasal process gives rise to what structures?
Forehead Bridge of nose Columella of nose ALa of nose Philtrum Primary palate
Frontonasal process does NOT give rise to?
Maxillary process
Vermillion border
Lateral Lip
Secondary Palate
What structure does the lateral nasal process and maxillary process form?
Nasolacrimal duct
Meckel’s carilage gives rise to?
Incus and Malleus of inner ear
Sphenomandibular ligament
The first branchial arch forms what structures?
a. Maxilla and Mandible
b. Maxilla
c. Ear and eye
d. Hyoid bone (2nd and 3rd)
Maxilla and Mandible
What structures arise from the secondary cartilage in the mandible
Head of the Condyle
Coronoid process
Symphyseal or mental protuberances
At what age does the mandible of mandibular symphysis fuse?
1 year
Describe bony chin remodeling
Lingual symphyseal deposition
Deposition on internal symphysis on the lingual another way of saying it
Resorption pattern of the maxilla?
As maxilla grows down and forward, where does it resorb?
Superior and anterior
Where is there bone deposition on the maxilla?
Posterior and inferior
The key ridge models in what direction?
Downwards and backwards
What happens on the orbital floor and nasal floor during growth?
Bone apposition: Orbital floor (it models upward during growth)
Bone resorption: Nasal floor (models downward)
Which of the following does not provide growth of the head
a. Synostosis
b. Cranial valut
C. Cranial base
Synostosis
Tranlsational growth is due to what?
Capsular matrix
How do sutures grow?
Periosteal
Is suture growth unidirectional?
NO
What determines the main growth of the cranium?
Soft tissue determines
What is true for sutural growth?
Apposition of bone
When does the Spheno-ethmoidal synostoses close?
7-8 years
What is not correct?
a. Intersphenoid closes at birth
b. Sphenoethmoidal closes at 7-8 years
c. Sphenoccipital closes at 12-14 years
a. Intersphenoid closes at birth
Closure of what synchondrosis/suture indicates completion of the cranial base?
Spheno-occipital
What marks the start of adolescence?
Hypothalamus
Which bone allows other to slide past each other during growth?
Lacrimal bone
When does the permanent first molar calcify/mineralize?
At birth
The primary second molar is most commonly found in what position/occlusal relationship?
Flush Terminal plane
T/F Distal step turns into class 2 Flush terminal plane turns into class 2 or 1
True
True
Agenesis of the third molars occurs how often?
20%
All of the following are true regarding transposition except?
a. maxillary predisposition
b. is associated with crowding
c. most common in maxillary arch is 3-4
d. most common in mandibular arch is 3-2
b. is associated with crowding
Not accurate
