(2) Scientific Method Flashcards
The difference between basic and applied research is that applied research…
[is conducted to find the solution to a problem]
What is the empirical approach?
A method of developing knowledge based on the evaluation of evidence from experiments and careful observation
What are the 4 goals of psychology?
Describe, predict, explain, and control [events]
What are hypotheses?
Specific predictions that can be tested by experimentation [or via research]
List the correct order of the steps in the scientific method
Develop a research question, form a hypothesis, gather evidence, and draw conclusions
Why does the experimental method require random sampling from a population of interest?
To ensure the sample is representative
The correlational method of research makes use of which type of statistical measure?
Correlation coefficient
How does a coefficient of correlation show a strong relationship between two variables?
Ranging from -1 to +1, the closer this r value is to either end of the spectrum, the stronger
What is an independent variable?
Something manipulated by researchers to observe an effect
What is a dependent variable?
The “effect” or thing that changes as a result of the manipulation of the circumstances of the experiment
What is an experimental/treatment group?
The group of subjects exposed to the variable being tested
What is random assignment?
Every participant in an experiment has an equal chance of receiving one of the treatments
What is the naturalistic observation method and a downside?
The direct observation of subjects in their natural “habitat”. This can lead to subjects acting differently, since they know they’re
What is the ethical guideline of informed consent?
Telling the test subjects the purpose and nature of a study (including potential risks and benefits) before requesting them to participate by their own accord
