(10) Memory Flashcards
What are the three basic processes concerning human memory, our information processing system?
Encoding, storage, and retrieval.
What is the order of processing in memory?
Information -> encoding -> storage -> retrieval.
Define “semantic encoding”
Memory encoding based on meaning.
Define “visual encoding”
Memory encoding based on the mental picture.
The best memory results from which type of encoding?
Semantic
Define “retrieval cue”
A cue associated with the original learning that facilitated the retrieval of the memory.
Define “sensory memory”
A memory system for storing sensory info for a very short period of time (up to a few seconds).
What memory system does iconic memory fall into?
Visual sensory memory.
How does echoic memory differ from iconic memory?
It lasts a few seconds longer.
Define “working memory”
The memory system that allows one to hold and mull over information in one’s mind for brief periods of time.
Define “chunking”
The grouping of large quantities of info into a smaller number to aid recall.
Sleep is important for which memory process?
Consolidation of short-term memories into long-term ones.
What’s the difference between maintenance rehearsal and elaborative rehearsal?
Maintenance: repeating the info over and over again.
Elaborative: rehearsing meaningful associations.
What does elaborative rehearsal focus on?
The meaning of the material.
