2 molecular biology Flashcards
how many bonds does carbon make
4
what angles are between carbon bonds
109.5
how much nitrogen is in the air
80%
how much oxygen is in the air
19%
what is the remainder of air after nitrogen and oxygen
argon and CO2
what is a molecule
the smallest particle of a compound which has the chemical properties of that compound.
why is water a good solvent
it has polar molecules which can seperate the charged ions
saturated fatty acids typically come from
animal sources
unsaturated fatty acids typically come from
vegetarian sources
what types of substances are proteins and enzymes
nitrates
phosphates
what does anabolism do
makes macromolecuels from monomers
anabolism =
building up
catabolism=
breaking down
what does do monomers and monosaccharides anabolise into
polymers and polysaccahrides
what does catabolism do
makes smaller molecules from macromolecules
what property of carbon atoms helps them to form such a large range of stable compounds
because they can make 4 bonds
name three molecules in living things which contain many carbon atoms
lipids
proteins
carbohydrates
state the meaning of the term cellular metabolism
all the enzyme catalysed chemical reactions taking place inside the cell
describe the difference between anabolism and catabolism with referecne to macromolecules in living things
macromolecules are built from smaller monomer units,
e.g. cellulose is made from many glucose molecules joined in a chain.
anabolism is the part of metabolism which makes these larger molecules from smaller ones
catabolism is the part of metabolism which breaks the large molecules into smaller ones
