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Anatomy > 2: Bones, ligaments + joints of pectoral girdle > Flashcards

2: Bones, ligaments + joints of pectoral girdle Flashcards

1
Q

condyle

A

Rounded protuberance at end of bone, forming an articulation with another bone

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2
Q

Crest

A

A bone edge’s raised part

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3
Q

Epicondyle

A

Protuberance above or on the condyle of a long bone

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4
Q

Facet

A

Smooth, flat, circumscribed surface

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5
Q

Fissure

A

Open slit in bone

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6
Q

Foramen

A

Hole through which nerves and blood vessels pass

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7
Q

Fossa

A

Shallow depression on bone surface

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8
Q

Groove

A

Narrow channel

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9
Q

Line

A

Long, thin projection often with a roughsurtale

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10
Q

Malleolus

A

Bony protuberance on either side of ankle

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11
Q

Meatus

A

Tube-like channel that extends within bone

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12
Q

Process

A

Bulging bony outgrowth of a larger bone

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13
Q

Protuberance

A

Protruding part of bone

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14
Q

Ramus

A

Curved part that gives structural support to rest of bone

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15
Q

Trochanter

A

Rough prominence for muscle attachment

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16
Q

Tubercle

A

Small rounded prominence where connective tissues attach

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17
Q

Periosteum

A

Tough fibrous sheath that covers bone tethered to bone by Sharpey’s fibers

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18
Q

Ligaments

A

Connect bone to bone

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19
Q

Tendons

A

Connect muscle to bone

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20
Q

A joint or articulation is….

A

Point of contact between
2 + bones
Cartilage + bone
Teeth + bone

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21
Q

Classification of joints by structure

A

Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial

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22
Q

Fibrous joints

A

No synovial cavity
Articulating bones held together with cartilage
Little/no movement

23
Q

Examples of fibrous joints

A

Sutures, syndesmoses, interosseus membranes

24
Q

Sutures

A

Dense fibrous connective tissue, e.g suture in skull

25
Q

Syndesmoses

A

Dense fibrous connective tissue ++
Immovable
E.g. Gomphosis

26
Q

Interosseus membrane

A

Broad sheet of dense fibrous connective tissue
E.g. Between radius + ulna

27
Q

Cartilaginous joints

A

No synovial cavity
Articulating bones held together with cartilage
Little / no movement

28
Q

Synchondroses

A

Made of hyaline cartilage (no movement)
E.g epiphyseal plate, sternocostal joint

29
Q

Symphyses

A

Fibrocartilage (some movement)
Big. Pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs

30
Q

Synovial joints

A

Designed to articulate for movement
Synovial cavity
Articular cartilage lines + cushions bone surfaces
Held together by ligaments
Outer joint capsule lined by layer of synovium

31
Q

Synarthrosis

A

Immovable

32
Q

Amphiarthrosis

A

Slightly movable

33
Q

Diarthrosis

A

Freely moveable

34
Q

Clavicle articulates with…

A

Sternum medially and scapula laterally

35
Q

Rough inferior surface of clavicle has… (4)

A

An impression for costoclavicular ligament
Groove for subclavius
Conoid tubercle
Trapezoid line

36
Q

Weakest point of clavicle

A

Junction between medial 2/3 and lateral 1/3

37
Q

Where does scapula sit

A

On posterior thorax at level of 2nd to 7th ribs

38
Q

What does the scapula articulate with

A

Clavicle at acromioclavicular joint
Humerus at glenohumeral joint

39
Q

What does the humerus articulate with

A

Scapula proximally at glenohumeral joint
Bones of the forearm distally, ulna medially, radius laterally

40
Q

Sternoclavicular joint

A

Articulation between clavicle, sternum + 1st costal cartilage

41
Q

Shape of sternoclavicular joint

A

Atypical saddle shaped synovial joint

42
Q

Features of sternoclavicular joint

A

Joint capsule with inner synovium
Synovial fluid
Fibrocartilaginous disc

43
Q

Ligaments of sternoclavicular joint (4)

A

Anterior sternoclavicular ligament
Posterior sternoclavicular ligament
Interclavicular ligament
Costoclavicular ligament

44
Q

Acromioclavicular joint

A

Articulation between lateral clavicle + acromion of scapula

45
Q

Shape of acromioclavicular joint

A

Atypical plane synovial joint

46
Q

Features of acromioclavicular joint

A

Joint capsule with inner synovium
Synovial fluid
Fibrocartilaginous wedge-shaped disc
Bony surfaces lined with fibrocartilage

47
Q

AC joint is stabilized by….

A

Coracoclavicular ligament

48
Q

Coracoclavicular ligament is made of

A

Conoid ligament
Trapezoid ligament

49
Q

AC ligament function

A

Counteracts rotator forces from weight of arm

50
Q

Glenohumeral joint

A

Ball and socket synovial joint

51
Q

GH joint is passively reinforced by

A

Glenoid labrum and joint ligaments

52
Q

GH joint is actively reinforced by

A

Rotator cuff muscles

53
Q

Passive stabilizer ligaments of GH joint

A

GH ligaments
Coracohumeral ligament
Coracoacromial ligament
Transverse humeral ligament
Coracoacromial arch

54
Q

Bursa

A

A bubble of synovial membrane, contains synovial fluid, acts as a soft cushion preventing bone pressing against bone

Anatomy (17 decks)

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