13: Bones ligaments and joints of foot and ankle Flashcards
How many bones in foot
26
Tarsals (Tiger Cubs Need MILC)
Talus
Calcaneus
Navicular
Cuboid
Medial cuneiform
Intermediate cuneiform
Lateral cuneiform
Rearfoot
Talus and Calcaneus
Midfoot
Navicular, Cuneiforms, Cuboid
Forefoot
Metatarsals and Phalanges
How does a march fracture occur
Repeated overuse, bone healing cant keep up, metatarsal bone becomes progressively weaker, fracture occurs
Dorsiflexion and plantarflexion involve what joint
Talocrural joint
Inversion and eversion involve
Subtalar joint
Transverse tarsal joint
Gliding movements involve
Tarsometatarsal joint
Flexion Extension Adduction and Abduction involve
Tarsometatarsal joint
Metatarsophalangeal joints
Interphalangeal joint
What type of joint is the anatomical subtalar joint
Synovial joint
The anatomical subtalar joint is between
Talus + calcaneus
The anatomical subtalar joint allows for
Inversion + eversion of foot
subtalar joint ligaments
Posterior talocalcaneal ligament
Medial talocalcaneal ligament
Lateral talocalcaneal ligament
Interosseous talocalcaneal ligament
What does the functional subtalar joint consist of
Anatomical subtalar joint
Talocalcaneonavicular joint
What type of joint is the transverse tarsal joint
A compound joint
What is the transverse tarsal joint composed of
Talonavicular part of the talocalcaneonavicular joint
Calcaneocuboid joint
What type of joint is the talocalcaneonavicular joint
Synovial
What type of joint is the calcaneocuboid joint
Plane synovial
Medial transverse tarsal joint is also known as
Talocalcaneonavicular joint
What type of joint is the Talocalcaneonavicular joint
Ball + socket
Ball =
Head of talus
Socket =
Posterior navicular and anterior calcaneus
Medial transverse tarsal ligaments
Dorsal talonavicular ligament
Spring ligament
Spring ligament is also known as…
Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
Lateral transverse tarsal joint is also known as
Calcaneocuboid joint
What type of joint is the Calcaneocuboid joint
Plane synovial
What are the 3 lateral transverse tarsal ligaments
Dorsal calcaneocuboid ligament
Long plantar ligament
Short plantar ligament
Tarsometatarsal joint is also called
Lisfranc joint
The cuneiforms articulate with
Metatarsals 1,2,3
The cuboid articulates with
Metatarsals 4,5
What type of joint is the tarsometatarsal joint
Plane synovial joint
How does a lisfranc joint happen
Base of metatarsal moves anteriorly away from cuneiform
What type of joint are the intermetatarsal joints
Plane synovial joints
What type of joints are the metatarsophalangeal joints
Synovial condyloid joints
Metatarsophalangeal joints actions
Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Adduction
Circumlocution
Other name for bunions
Hallux Valgus
What type of joints are the interphalangeal joints
Synovial hinge joints
What is the function of the foot arches
Arches distribute forces around the foot
Weight bearing areas on the sole of the foot
Tuberosity of calcaneus
Heads of 3rd to 5th metatarsals
Sesamoid bones of 1st metatarsal
Head of 2nd metatarsal
Bony components of medial longitudinal arch
Calcaneus
Talus
Navicular
Cuneiforms
Metatarsals 1-3
Ligamentous components of medial longitudinal arch
Long plantar ligament
Short plantar ligament
Spring ligament
Plantar aponeurosis
Bony components of lateral longitudinal arch
Calcaneus
Cuboid
Metatarsals 4+5
Ligamentous components of lateral longitudinal arch
Long plantar ligament
Short plantar ligament
Plantar aponeurosis
Bony components of transverse arch
Cuneiforms
Cuboid
Metatarsal bases
What does the transverse arch do
Prevents splayfoot
What is pes planus
Fallen arches
Why does pes planus happen
Longitudinal arches collapse
Talus + navicular displaced inferiorly
Increased tension on spring ligament
Deficient passive stabilizers (pain in calf + foot)
What is pes cavus
High arches
Why does pes cavus happen
Elevated longitudinal arches
Excessive pressure placed on ball + heel of foot - likely to cause calluses
(Leads to foot joint pain)
