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Anatomy > 13: Bones ligaments and joints of foot and ankle > Flashcards

13: Bones ligaments and joints of foot and ankle Flashcards

1
Q

How many bones in foot

A

26

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2
Q

Tarsals (Tiger Cubs Need MILC)

A

Talus
Calcaneus
Navicular
Cuboid
Medial cuneiform
Intermediate cuneiform
Lateral cuneiform

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3
Q

Rearfoot

A

Talus and Calcaneus

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4
Q

Midfoot

A

Navicular, Cuneiforms, Cuboid

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5
Q

Forefoot

A

Metatarsals and Phalanges

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5
Q

How does a march fracture occur

A

Repeated overuse, bone healing cant keep up, metatarsal bone becomes progressively weaker, fracture occurs

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6
Q

Dorsiflexion and plantarflexion involve what joint

A

Talocrural joint

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7
Q

Inversion and eversion involve

A

Subtalar joint
Transverse tarsal joint

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8
Q

Gliding movements involve

A

Tarsometatarsal joint

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9
Q

Flexion Extension Adduction and Abduction involve

A

Tarsometatarsal joint
Metatarsophalangeal joints
Interphalangeal joint

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10
Q

What type of joint is the anatomical subtalar joint

A

Synovial joint

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11
Q

The anatomical subtalar joint is between

A

Talus + calcaneus

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12
Q

The anatomical subtalar joint allows for

A

Inversion + eversion of foot

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13
Q

subtalar joint ligaments

A

Posterior talocalcaneal ligament
Medial talocalcaneal ligament
Lateral talocalcaneal ligament
Interosseous talocalcaneal ligament

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14
Q

What does the functional subtalar joint consist of

A

Anatomical subtalar joint
Talocalcaneonavicular joint

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15
Q

What type of joint is the transverse tarsal joint

A

A compound joint

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16
Q

What is the transverse tarsal joint composed of

A

Talonavicular part of the talocalcaneonavicular joint
Calcaneocuboid joint

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17
Q

What type of joint is the talocalcaneonavicular joint

A

Synovial

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18
Q

What type of joint is the calcaneocuboid joint

A

Plane synovial

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19
Q

Medial transverse tarsal joint is also known as

A

Talocalcaneonavicular joint

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20
Q

What type of joint is the Talocalcaneonavicular joint

A

Ball + socket

21
Q

Ball =

A

Head of talus

22
Q

Socket =

A

Posterior navicular and anterior calcaneus

23
Q

Medial transverse tarsal ligaments

A

Dorsal talonavicular ligament
Spring ligament

24
Q

Spring ligament is also known as…

A

Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament

25
Q

Lateral transverse tarsal joint is also known as

A

Calcaneocuboid joint

26
Q

What type of joint is the Calcaneocuboid joint

A

Plane synovial

27
Q

What are the 3 lateral transverse tarsal ligaments

A

Dorsal calcaneocuboid ligament
Long plantar ligament
Short plantar ligament

28
Q

Tarsometatarsal joint is also called

A

Lisfranc joint

29
Q

The cuneiforms articulate with

A

Metatarsals 1,2,3

30
Q

The cuboid articulates with

A

Metatarsals 4,5

31
Q

What type of joint is the tarsometatarsal joint

A

Plane synovial joint

32
Q

How does a lisfranc joint happen

A

Base of metatarsal moves anteriorly away from cuneiform

33
Q

What type of joint are the intermetatarsal joints

A

Plane synovial joints

34
Q

What type of joints are the metatarsophalangeal joints

A

Synovial condyloid joints

35
Q

Metatarsophalangeal joints actions

A

Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Adduction
Circumlocution

36
Q

Other name for bunions

A

Hallux Valgus

37
Q

What type of joints are the interphalangeal joints

A

Synovial hinge joints

38
Q

What is the function of the foot arches

A

Arches distribute forces around the foot

39
Q

Weight bearing areas on the sole of the foot

A

Tuberosity of calcaneus
Heads of 3rd to 5th metatarsals
Sesamoid bones of 1st metatarsal
Head of 2nd metatarsal

40
Q

Bony components of medial longitudinal arch

A

Calcaneus
Talus
Navicular
Cuneiforms
Metatarsals 1-3

41
Q

Ligamentous components of medial longitudinal arch

A

Long plantar ligament
Short plantar ligament
Spring ligament
Plantar aponeurosis

42
Q

Bony components of lateral longitudinal arch

A

Calcaneus
Cuboid
Metatarsals 4+5

43
Q

Ligamentous components of lateral longitudinal arch

A

Long plantar ligament
Short plantar ligament
Plantar aponeurosis

44
Q

Bony components of transverse arch

A

Cuneiforms
Cuboid
Metatarsal bases

45
Q

What does the transverse arch do

A

Prevents splayfoot

46
Q

What is pes planus

A

Fallen arches

47
Q

Why does pes planus happen

A

Longitudinal arches collapse
Talus + navicular displaced inferiorly
Increased tension on spring ligament
Deficient passive stabilizers (pain in calf + foot)

48
Q

What is pes cavus

A

High arches

49
Q

Why does pes cavus happen

A

Elevated longitudinal arches
Excessive pressure placed on ball + heel of foot - likely to cause calluses
(Leads to foot joint pain)

Anatomy (17 decks)

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