1C Rivers Valley Flashcards
where are the uk’s upland
Most of our upland habitats are found in Scotland, Wales and Northern England
where are the uk’s lowland
Lowland areas are mostly found in the south and east of the UK. Lowland areas are close to sea level and lie below around 200m. An example is the Fens in East Anglia.
Aran Fawddwy
Aran Fawddwy is a mountain in southern Snowdonia, Wales, United Kingdom
made from hard rocks
cotswold hills
south central England in The Cotswolds
made from soft rocks
highest mountain the uk
ben nevis ,
Stands At 1,345 metres above sea level, it is in the Lochaber area of the Scottish Highlands,
highest mountain wales
Snowdon is the highest mountain in Wales, at an elevation of 1,085 metres (3,560 ft) above sea level,It is located in Snowdonia National Park
longest river in the uk
its The River Severn. At about 220 miles .it flow from the Cambrian Mountains of mid Wales. It then flows through Shropshire, ..
tyne river course
Primary source is the South Tyne
which is located in Alston Moor, Cumbria, England
the mouth of river is inTynemouth
which is located in South Shields
drainage basin
is the area of land drained by the river and its tributaries
source
the start of a river
watershed
the edge of a river basin
mouth
the end of a river usually where a river joins the sea
tributary
a small steam or river that joins the larger one
long profile
shows how river gradient changes as the river moves from upper to lower course
cross profile
shows the valley shape changes as the river moves from upper to lower course
what can be a source
a spring, lake or puddle where rain is collected
what happens to a river
the river gets wider from source to mouth and carries more water
waterfall
a place where the river flows over a steep side of a valley
fluvial processes
a river carries water from land to the sea . a journey that a river makes is called a long profile. fluvial processes such as erosion, transportation and deposition occur. these processes help to shape the valley.
erosion
is the wearing away of rocks by natural processes of the river. this can be vertically which makes the river deep or lateral which makes it wide
solution
the river carried bits of rocks e.g limestone which dissolves in the river until you cannot see them
abrasion
rocks carried along by the river scrape along the river bed and banks like sand paper
attrition
rocks smash together and break into smaller rocks
hydraulic action
the river water moves fast past the riversides which forces air to be trapped in the soils which weakens the river banks
traction
large particles like boulders are pushed along the river bed by the force of water
suspension
small particles like clay & silt are carried along by the water
solution
soluble material dissolves in the water are carried along
saltations
pebble-sized particles are bounced along the river bed by the force of the water
depositions
is when a river drops the eroded materials its transporting
it happens when a river slows down
-the volume of water decreases
-the amount of transported eroded material increases
-the water is shallower e.g. on the inside of a bend
- river reached the mouth
How much of the UK is moorland
1/4
Fluvial processes of the upper course
Hydraulic action
V shaped valleys
Waterfalls
Gorges
Fluvial processes of middle course
Lateral erosion
Meanders
Ox bow lake
Floodplains
Fluvial processes of lower course
Estuaries
Lateral erosion
Levees
Upper course features
Marshy boggy land murky water due to suspension upland large bed load narrow shallow cross profile
Fasts and narrow lots of erosion and high turbulence
Middle course features
Farmland environment flatter land and floodplains broad and wide river fragments get smaller because of erosion
Lower course features
Wide straighter river cab only transport fine materials
Many factories and industries are built e.g. oil petroleum iron steel nuclear
Vertical erosion
This deepens the river valley making it v shaped it is dominant in the v shaped high turbulence causes angular particles to be scraped along the river bed causing downward erosion
Lateral erosion
Widens river valley during the formation of Meanders
Lower and middle course
Discharge
The volume of water flowing in to a river channel
G
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