1917 - Plan Flashcards

1
Q

Background 1

A
  • Nicholas II crowned 1894

- Attempts to continue autocracy

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2
Q

Background 2

A
  • Russia difficult to govern
  • 6% farmable land
  • Large country so lots of different needs due to different ethnic groups
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3
Q

Background 3

A
  • 1905 revolution

- Ongoing strikes + working class unrest

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4
Q

Factors

A
  • Workers
  • Peasantry
  • Nicholas II
  • Tsarina
  • WW1
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5
Q

Chosen Factors

A
  • Workers
  • Peasants
  • WW1
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6
Q

Line of Argument

A
  • WW1 was important in causing February Revolution
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7
Q

WO - K1

A
  • Lena Gold Mine Strikes
  • Even after 1905 revolution
  • Punished harshly
  • Over 200 killed
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8
Q

WO - K2

A
  • Shortages due to WW1
  • Petrograd far away from farmland so difficult to supply food
  • Food prices had quadrupled while wages only doubled by 1917
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9
Q

WO - A1

A
  • Workers unable to express political opinion without punishment
  • Drove many to more extreme actions
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10
Q

WO - A2

A
  • Urban workers unhappy due to lack of food + high prices

- Unrest rose due to shortages

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11
Q

WO - A+

A
  • Other countries doing much worse with rationing
  • Turkey, Autria-Hungary, + Germany doing very poorly
  • Didn’t lead to revolution in any other country
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12
Q

WO - E

A
  • Main thing angering workers caused by WW1
  • Shortages of food caused by poor rail network + loss of farmable land in Poland. Petrograd only received 1/4 bread it received before war
  • Refugees flooding to cities made conditions worse, refugees also caused by war.
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13
Q

P - K1

A
  • Terrible living conditions
  • Life expectancy of 40
  • Poor housing
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14
Q

P - K2

A
  • Farmers forced to move back from Siberia due to conditions being too harsh
  • Land shortages still an issue
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15
Q

P - A1

A
  • Unsatisfied which led to discontent and unrest

- More likely to revolt + turn against Tsar

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16
Q

P - A2

A
  • Unable to provide for themselves

- Also caused discontent + inspired revolt

17
Q

P - A+

A
  • Agrarian reforms improved living conditions so peasants were satisfied
  • Land banks + removal of redemption payments meant farmers could provide for themselves + family
18
Q

P - E

A
  • Main things angering peasants caused by WW1
  • Over 80% of excess deaths due to WW1 came from rural areas, rural communities lost many loved ones due to conscription
  • Conscription mean farms couldn’t be run due to lack of man power, families couldn’t provide for themselves, caused discontent
19
Q

WW1 - K1

A
  • Battle of Tannenberg
  • August 1914
  • 30,000 Russians killed/captured/wounded
  • Only 10,000 escaped
20
Q

WW1 - K2

A
  • Severe lack of equipment
  • 6 million men but only 4.5 million riffles at start of the war
  • Some artillery units limited to 3 shells/day
21
Q

WW1 - A1

A
  • Made Tsar look incompetent + incapable of leading his own armies due to horrendous defeats
22
Q

WW1 - A2

A
  • Lost loyalty from soldiers so couldn’t control revolts

- Seen as incapable at looking after his men

23
Q

WW1 - A+

A
  • Victories began to happen closer to revolution
  • Couldn’t be sole cause
  • Brusilov Offensive
  • 1916
  • Half of Austro-Hungarian troops killed/injured, almost knocked Austria-Hungary out of war
24
Q

WW1 - E

A
  • More significant than Nicholas II
  • Forced Nicholas II to make most significant mistake, moving away from Petrograd to front line
  • If WW1 wasn’t going so poorly, Nicholas wouldn’t have had to move
  • Meant that he couldn’t see full extent of unrest in Petrograd or control situation
25
Q

T - K1

A
  • In 18 months Nicholas was away
  • 4 Prime Ministers
  • 3 Ministers of War
  • 3 Foreign Ministers
26
Q

T - A1

A
  • Made government look corrupt as those taking power were doing so through bribes to Rasputin
  • Government looked incompetent + unable to rule turning more people against them
27
Q

T - A+

A
  • Rasputin assassinated Dec 1916

- Revolution would’ve occurred during his lifetime if he was the key cause

28
Q

N - K1

A
  • Refused to work with Progressive Bloc

- 2/3 of Duma which were helping to govern Russia

29
Q

N - A1

A
  • Made a major political force in Petrograd turn against Tsar
  • Many people followed suite, making revolution more likely
30
Q

N - A+

A
  • When Tsar become Commander in Chief - Aug 1915 - Russian army began winning battles in WW1
  • Improved people’s view of Tsar, making his actions less impactful in causing revolution