1917 - Plan Flashcards
1
Q
Background 1
A
- Nicholas II crowned 1894
- Attempts to continue autocracy
2
Q
Background 2
A
- Russia difficult to govern
- 6% farmable land
- Large country so lots of different needs due to different ethnic groups
3
Q
Background 3
A
- 1905 revolution
- Ongoing strikes + working class unrest
4
Q
Factors
A
- Workers
- Peasantry
- Nicholas II
- Tsarina
- WW1
5
Q
Chosen Factors
A
- Workers
- Peasants
- WW1
6
Q
Line of Argument
A
- WW1 was important in causing February Revolution
7
Q
WO - K1
A
- Lena Gold Mine Strikes
- Even after 1905 revolution
- Punished harshly
- Over 200 killed
8
Q
WO - K2
A
- Shortages due to WW1
- Petrograd far away from farmland so difficult to supply food
- Food prices had quadrupled while wages only doubled by 1917
9
Q
WO - A1
A
- Workers unable to express political opinion without punishment
- Drove many to more extreme actions
10
Q
WO - A2
A
- Urban workers unhappy due to lack of food + high prices
- Unrest rose due to shortages
11
Q
WO - A+
A
- Other countries doing much worse with rationing
- Turkey, Autria-Hungary, + Germany doing very poorly
- Didn’t lead to revolution in any other country
12
Q
WO - E
A
- Main thing angering workers caused by WW1
- Shortages of food caused by poor rail network + loss of farmable land in Poland. Petrograd only received 1/4 bread it received before war
- Refugees flooding to cities made conditions worse, refugees also caused by war.
13
Q
P - K1
A
- Terrible living conditions
- Life expectancy of 40
- Poor housing
14
Q
P - K2
A
- Farmers forced to move back from Siberia due to conditions being too harsh
- Land shortages still an issue
15
Q
P - A1
A
- Unsatisfied which led to discontent and unrest
- More likely to revolt + turn against Tsar
16
Q
P - A2
A
- Unable to provide for themselves
- Also caused discontent + inspired revolt
17
Q
P - A+
A
- Agrarian reforms improved living conditions so peasants were satisfied
- Land banks + removal of redemption payments meant farmers could provide for themselves + family
18
Q
P - E
A
- Main things angering peasants caused by WW1
- Over 80% of excess deaths due to WW1 came from rural areas, rural communities lost many loved ones due to conscription
- Conscription mean farms couldn’t be run due to lack of man power, families couldn’t provide for themselves, caused discontent
19
Q
WW1 - K1
A
- Battle of Tannenberg
- August 1914
- 30,000 Russians killed/captured/wounded
- Only 10,000 escaped
20
Q
WW1 - K2
A
- Severe lack of equipment
- 6 million men but only 4.5 million riffles at start of the war
- Some artillery units limited to 3 shells/day
21
Q
WW1 - A1
A
- Made Tsar look incompetent + incapable of leading his own armies due to horrendous defeats
22
Q
WW1 - A2
A
- Lost loyalty from soldiers so couldn’t control revolts
- Seen as incapable at looking after his men
23
Q
WW1 - A+
A
- Victories began to happen closer to revolution
- Couldn’t be sole cause
- Brusilov Offensive
- 1916
- Half of Austro-Hungarian troops killed/injured, almost knocked Austria-Hungary out of war
24
Q
WW1 - E
A
- More significant than Nicholas II
- Forced Nicholas II to make most significant mistake, moving away from Petrograd to front line
- If WW1 wasn’t going so poorly, Nicholas wouldn’t have had to move
- Meant that he couldn’t see full extent of unrest in Petrograd or control situation
25
Q
T - K1
A
- In 18 months Nicholas was away
- 4 Prime Ministers
- 3 Ministers of War
- 3 Foreign Ministers
26
Q
T - A1
A
- Made government look corrupt as those taking power were doing so through bribes to Rasputin
- Government looked incompetent + unable to rule turning more people against them
27
Q
T - A+
A
- Rasputin assassinated Dec 1916
- Revolution would’ve occurred during his lifetime if he was the key cause
28
Q
N - K1
A
- Refused to work with Progressive Bloc
- 2/3 of Duma which were helping to govern Russia
29
Q
N - A1
A
- Made a major political force in Petrograd turn against Tsar
- Many people followed suite, making revolution more likely
30
Q
N - A+
A
- When Tsar become Commander in Chief - Aug 1915 - Russian army began winning battles in WW1
- Improved people’s view of Tsar, making his actions less impactful in causing revolution
