19. Stages of Development Flashcards
List the stages of development
Prenatal, Infancy, Childhood, adolesence, Early adulthood, Middle Age, Old Age
List the types of development
Physical, Intellectual or Cognitive, emotional and social
List the substages of the prenatal stages of development and their weeks
Germinal 0 - 2 weeks, embryonic 3-8 weeks, foetal 9 weeks to approx 40
Conception
When the sperm meets the egg.
Prenatal Stage
Start/EndBegins when a sperm fertilises an egg to form a complete cell called a zygoteEnds at birthKey Characteristics Prenatal stage continues until birthIt is characterised by the development of the body’s organs and structuresThe unborn baby goes from being a single celled zygote to consisting of more than 200 billion cells at birth and weighing 3.5kgThis stage of the lifespan has the fastest growth and is the most vulnerable stage of the lifespan
Germinal
0-2 weeks
Embryonic
3-8 weeks
Foetal
9 weeks till birth
Examples of development during the germinal stage
Conception occurs and cells mutliply to form a zygote. This zygote implants into the uterine wall
Examples of development in the embryonic stage
All organs (not reproductive) and all major body structures and systems develop. Basic features emerge e.g. eyes, nose, mouth, arms and legs. By week 8 the heartbeat is detectable
Examples of development in the foetal stage
The main goal of the foetus is to increase in size. Testes and ovaries (sex organs) are formed. Organs start to function e.g. digestive system. Bones begin to ossify (harden). Brain develops and can perform basic functions to sustain life
Infancy Stage of Development
0-2 years old.
Childhood
2-10 years old
Adolescence
10-20 years of age
Early Adulthood
20-40 years of age
Middle Age
40-65 years of age
Old Age
65 onwards
Zygote
sperm and the egg meet and form a zygote
Implantation
When the zygote embeds into the lining of the uterus wall
Pregnancy
Period of time between fertilisation and birth
Placenta
provides nourishment and waste removal within uterus for foetus
Umbilical cord
joins the foetus to the placenta
Amniotic sac
contains fluid which provides protection (cushioning)
GYN
gynaecology
IVF
In Vitro fertilization
OB
Obstetrics (labour and delivery of a foetus)
STI
Sexually transmitted infections
HCG
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hormone in blood and urine that indicates pregnancy)
Aphasia
A language disorder that affects a person’s ability to communicate
Dysphasia
deficiency/difficulty in the generation of speech, and sometimes also in its comprehension
Dysphagia
Difficulty in swallowing
Aphagia
Loss of ability to swallow
Broca’s area
Speech production - frontal lobe
Wernicke’s area
Understanding and processing - temporal lobe
gynaecology
GYN
In Vitro fertilization
IVF
Obstetrics (labour and delivery of a foetus)
OB
Sexually transmitted infections
STI
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hormone in blood and urine that indicates pregnancy)
HCG
A language disorder that affects a person’s ability to communicate. (can’t communicate)
Aphasia
deficiency/difficulty in the generation of speech, and sometimes also in its comprehension, due to brain disease or damage
Dysphasia
Difficulty in swallowing
Dysphagia
Loss of ability to swallow
Aphagia
Which area of the brain is responsible for speech production - frontal lobe
Broca’s area
Which area of the brain is responsible for understanding and processing - temporal lobe
Wernicke’s area
